Pathogenic Fungi Of Gastrodia Elata In Zhaotong,Yunnan

Gastrodia elata is an important Mycoheterotrophy economic plant,and its life history is closely related to Amillariella sp and Mycena sp.Other fungi in the soil also have a greater impact on the growth of G.elata.The fungal disease of G.elata is more harmful to tits planting.Investigate the fungal species of tuber disease of G.elata in Yiliang County,Zhaotong City,Yunnan Province,combining the composition of G.elata in different periods and the differences in soil environmental organic matter.Based on the transcriptomics information of G.elata at different growth stages,it tried to understand the influence of G.elata planting on the microbial diversity of its growth environment,so as to clarify the causes of G.elata disease in Yiliang County,Zhaotong City.The main results of study are as follows:1.A total of 562 fungi(separated from the tuber disease spots of G.elata)were isolated by sampling in 11 villages in Yiliang County,Zhaotong City for three consecutive years(October 2017,October 2018,October 2019).It was confirmed that the fungi that cause the rotten tubers of G.elata include 14 genus.Among them,Ilyonectria robusta,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma hamatum,Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium solani,and Rosellinia necatrix are the dominant strain.Trichoderma sp.,Fusarium sp.,and Ilyonectria sp.are the representative pathogens in Yiliang County.Three-year average detection rate is 87.03% in these three genera,and it is higher than other pathogen isolates.2.The microbial diversity in the growth environment of G.elata was studied by high-throughput sequencing.With the participation of G.elata,the relative abundance of fungi in the soil changed as follows: Ascomycota was the highest proportion of the three samples,and the relative abundance decreased;Basidiomycota followed closely,and relative abundance does not change much.The relative abundance of Trichoderma sp.,Fusarium sp.,and Ilyonectria sp.increased.The number of sequences is decreasing and the number of OTUs is increasing.The most influential bacteria in soil samples are Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria,and their relative abundance has increased.Thenumber of sequences is decreasing and the number of OTUs is increasing.3.Analysis of the differences in the composition of soil in different growth stages of Gastrodia elata.The similarity of the composition of Gastrodia elata disease soil and Gastrodia elata revealed that the two have similar nutrient composition,leading to the selection and enrichment of soil microorganisms,increasing the possibility of disease.4.Transcriptome analysis of the four major growing stages of mima,baitouma,jianma and hema.The results showed that the most obvious genes are those that regulate synthesis of protein: Cellular components including ribosomes 、ribonucleoprotein complex、macromolecular complex;Molecular functions including protein heterodimerization activity、GTPase activity;Biological process including macromolecule biosynthetic process,organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process,peptide metabolic process,peptide biosynthetic process,translation process,amide biosynthetic process.