Study On Zonal Intercropping Pattern Construction And Nitrogen Utilization Mechanism Of Sesame And Peanut

In order to find out the effect of increasing production and economic benefit of different row ratio and nitrogen application rate of Intercropping with equal bandwidth of sesame and peanut,we carried out the intercropping experiment of sesame and peanut in 2018 and 2019 for two consecutive years.The intercropping mode with equal bandwidth of sesame and peanut 2:2(M1)and sesame and peanut4:4(M2)was set as the main area by adopting the split zone setting and taking CK1and CK2 as the contrast The four nitrogen fertilizer gradients are sub areas,N0(0kg/hm~2),N1(75 kg/hm~2),N2(150 kg/hm~2)and N3(225 kg/hm~2),respectively.The effects of different intercropping patterns and nitrogen application rates on crop growth and development,yield,economic benefits and physiological characteristics were studied,and the effects of different planting rate and nitrogen application rates on resource and environmental characteristics and their interrelations were discussed.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)Under the two intercropping modes,the dry matter accumulation of sesame and peanut in M2 mode was significantly increased by 15.0%and 27.2%compared with M1 mode.When there was no significant difference in crop harvest index,M2significantly increased the output of sesame and peanut by 35.8%and 44.7%compared with M1 mode.The land equivalent ratio of M2 treatment is 1.35,the ratio of production to investment is 5.63,which are significantly higher than other treatments,and the intercropping advantage is obvious.The results showed that the intercropping mode could increase the dry matter accumulation and distribution of crops to obtain higher yield,and improve the efficiency of land use and economic benefits.Nitrogen application is one of the effective ways to increase the production of sesame.When nitrogen application is N2,the yield of sesame peanut is higher.Compared with high nitrogen level N3,the yield is increased by 47.2%,and the ratio of land equivalent and yield to input is significantly higher than other treatments,which shows that the accumulation of nitrogen is higher,the transport capacity of substance is stronger,and the yield will not follow the nitrogen application when it reaches a certain amount Increase and then improve.(2)Intercropping could significantly improve the activities of anti-aging enzymes in sesame and peanut leaves,delay the aging of leaves,and significantly improve the efficiency of plant nutrient recovery and utilization.The activities of protective enzymes decreased from pod setting stage to mature stage,and the contents of anti-aging enzymes increased significantly in both monoculture and intercropping of sesame peanut at the level of N0 and N1,but there was no significant difference between monoculture and intercropping of sesame peanut at the level of N2 and N3,while the activities of cat in intercropping of sesame continued to increase,while MDA content continued to decrease.The effect of different nitrogen application levels on the chlorophyll content of sesame peanut was not significant,but the effect of different growth stages on the chlorophyll content of sesame peanut was different.There was no significant difference between the two intercropping treatments,but they were higher than CK1,30.3%and 30.5%respectively.However,the chlorophyll content of intercropping M2 was significantly higher than CK2 and M1,which were12.8%and 13.5%higher respectively.(3)In the intercropping of sesame and peanut,the number of fungi in soil and Rhizosphere increased significantly,while the number of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased significantly.Except for the Shannon diversity index of M1N1 samples,Chao1 group richness index,Simpson index,PD whole tree index and Observed species index of M2N2 samples were the highest,while Chao1 group richness index,Shannon index,Simpson index,PD whole tree index and Observed species index of sesame peanut CK samples were smaller.It can be seen that the number of microorganism species and dominant population in the root layer of the intercropping of ganoderma is rich,especially in the Intercropping of N2.The content of nitrate-N in soil increased with the increase of soil depth.Compared with no nitrogen application,under the level of N2,the content of nitrate-N in soil of 0-20cm soil in mature stage of peanut was significantly higher in monoculture than that in intercropping,which was 84.9%and 40.0%higher,respectively,and that in intercropping M2 was significantly higher than that in M1,which was 32.1%higher,but there was no significant difference in the content of nitrate-N in soil of 0-20cm in mature stage of sesame.