Design And Experiment Of A Device For Fresh Corn Stalk Crushing And Baling

In recent years,China’s corn planting area has been expanding year by year,and the phenomenon of grain corn has been excessive,so the market situation is not optimistic.With the adjustment of corn industrial structure in China,the planting scale of grain corn is gradually decreasing,and it is developing to the direction of fresh corn with higher economic benefits.Fresh corn is a kind of fruit and vegetable food,with the characteristics of high sugar content,high protein content and abundant vitamins.It is a low-fat and high fiber nutritional health food with high nutritional value.In recent years,it is loved by the majority of consumers,and the planting area is expanding year by year.At present,most of them are harvested by hand,and the large-scale production is greatly restricted,so the mechanized harvesting of fresh corn is imperative.Fresh corn is generally harvested from the late milk stage to the early wax stage,and its stems and leaves remain green and rich in nutrients;the content of crude protein and water-soluble sugar in fresh corn straw is very high,and its crude protein content is more or close to that of common feed corn grain;the content of soluble sugar in fresh corn straw is close to or more than that of silage corn straw,and the content of water-soluble sugar is high Therefore,fresh corn straw can be used as high-quality silage to promote the development of animal husbandry.At present,the fresh corn combine harvester developed at home and abroad directly smashes the straw and then scatters it in the field or in the grass collecting vehicle when harvesting fresh corn,which can not reach the standard of high-density recycling of crop straw.Based on the research and analysis of the existing corn combine harvester and bundling machine at home and abroad,this paper designs a kind of fresh corn stalk crushing and cotyledon mixed bundling device,in order to achieve the purpose of crushing the straw directly to meet the requirements of compression,packaging,transportation and storage after feeding.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)By consulting the relevant literature and data of domestic and foreign straw crushing and compression bundling mechanism,the advantages,disadvantages and working performance of various models were compared,and the shortcomings and limitations of the existing models on the collection of crop straw crushing and bundling were summarized.Finally,the design scheme of fresh corn straw crushing and cotyledon mixed feeding compression bundling was formulated.(2)According to the design requirements of the baler and collection device for fresh corn straw and the characteristics of fresh corn harvest,a new type of compression baler was designed for the mixing of corn stalk crushing and cotyledon feeding.The device is modeled in three-dimensional by Solid Works software.The straw is crushed and peeled and transported back by using the sharp tooth roller group.The straw is thoroughly crushed by the hob type pulverizer;the crushed straw and the corn cotyledon are mixed fully by the telescopic feeding rod and packed into the bale chamber for compression and bale operation,so as to realize the realization the purpose of compressing and packing after the straw is crushed completely.The key structure design of crushing and baler is completed,and the gap size of the extrusion roller,the installation angle of the hob,the speed of the grinding hob and the compression frequency of the piston are determined.(3)In order to test the reliability of the actual work of the straw crushing and compression bundling device,the ANSYS Workbench software platform was used to complete the static analysis of the crushing hob and the driving link,and the equivalent stress,strain and displacement nephogram under the load were obtained,which verified that the design of the crushing hob and the driving link met the strength requirements.The first six natural frequencies and vibration modes of the grinding hob assembly are selected by modal analysis.The grinding hob will not resonate in the process of operation.(4)Through the theoretical analysis of the structure and working parameters of fresh corn stalk crushing and cotyledon mixing feeding compression bundling device,and the processing and trial production of the device entity,according to the design requirements of the test bench,a multi parameter adjustable test device is processed.Through theoretical analysis and referring to GB/T25423-2010"square bale baler",the bale density and bale forming rate are determined as test indexes,the bale density and bale forming rate were determined as the test indexes,the extrusion roller gap,grinding hob speed and piston compression frequency were selected as the test factors,and the three factor five level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test design scheme was adopted to carry out the bench test on the straw crushing and bundling device,and the influence of each test factor on the index was analyzed The law and the optimal combination of parameters.(5)With the help of design expert software,the regression model of the indicators is optimized,and the optimal combination of the motion parameters and structural parameters of the crushing and bundling device under the influence of different factors is obtained.The results show that:the primary and secondary order of the influence of various factors on bale density is piston compression frequency,hob speed,extrusion roll clearance;the primary and secondary order of the influence on bale rate is hob speed,piston compression frequency,extrusion roll clearance.When the extrusion roller gap is 13～17mm,the hob speed is 1290～1370r/min,and the piston compression frequency is 85～95r/min,the corresponding bale density is 202～205.5kg/m~3,and the bale rate is 98%～99%.One group of the optimal level combination is selected for verification test.When the extrusion roller gap is 15 mm,the hob speed is 1325r/min,and the piston compression frequency is 90r/min,the bale density is 203.5kg/m~3,and the bale forming rate is 98.5%,which is basically consistent with the optimization results.Compared with the traditional square baler,the baled effect has been significantly improved when the length of green straw is 3～5cm.