Research Of Key Components Of Self-propelled Maize Combined Harvester With Straw Baling Machine

Maize is one of the main food crops in China,with an annual output of more than 200 million tons.Therefore,corn straw is a significant biomass resources in China,and economically and high effectively processing of them is the requirement to establish the ecological conservation oriented society.The method for corn straw treatment mainly includes direct burning,field returning and straw recycling.However,straw burning directly cause environmental pollution and resource waste.Straw returning may lead to land nutrient unbalance,plant diseases and insect pests,and slow straw decomposition,etc.,which further cause the difficulty of crop planting in the next season in the non-season cropping area.Therefore,it is imperative to recycle and to use maize straw.Existing methods of collecting corn straw mostly use sectional operation.Considering that there is no large-scale used corn harvesting machinery that integrates corn ear harvesting,box collection,straw harvesting,chopping,bundling and other functions in China,this study improved the structure and integrate many functions into one corn harvesting machinery based on current research on corn harvesting and straw bundling machinery.The structure of key components was designed and the parameter optimization was studied and analyzed.We also conducted the bench test and prototype test in field to obtain a set of feasible and efficient maize stalk harvesting machinery combining with straw baling integration and to meet the design expectations.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)This study present an overall design and layout method of a machinery integrating corn and stalk harvesting and straw baling.This method consists of the structure of the whole machine and its technological process,the power distribution and the main technical indexes,etc.The scheme adopts double cutting platform and the height of the upper and a lower cutting table is adjusted independently,so as to meet the needs of different knot heights.The upper cutting table uses stripper roll to pick fruit clusters,and the clusters were then put into the ears peeling machine by the elevator and finally fell into the ear box.The ear harvest was finished.The lower cutting table uses a reciprocating cutter to cut off the straw.Then the straw was collected through auger,hob plate chopped box and a fan blower and straw baler.The synchronization of straw chopped and bundled collection could be realized.(2)This study also optimized existing hob type straw crushing equipment,and established a platform for crushing corn straw to optimize the structural and operational parameters of the straw crushing equipment.Taking the bundle ratio and the bundle density as the objective function,the mathematical regression model between the influence factor and the objective function was established,by selecting the radial inclination angle,theaxial deflection angle and the working speed of the cutter blade as the influencing factors.Experimental results show that the factors impact on the rate of bundles and baling density order significant work speed,axial Angle,radial obliquity,derive the best parameters combination for: radial Angle 25°,5° axial Angle,working speed 1100 r/min.(3)To carry out the baling press plunger drive mechanism structure design and parameter optimization.Through the theoretical calculation of setting the plunger drive three sets of structure,size and using SolidWorks baling institutions for the three dimensional modeling and finite element simulation analysis to.According to the results of simulation analysis for stress and strain distribution of driving connecting rod,ultimately determine the plunger drive mechanism adopts central type space layout.The crank and connecting rod length is 330 mm and 750 mm respectively.(4)On the basis of theoretical analysis,2d and 3d drawing of the prototype,and complete test bench in ShanDong Guofeng machinery co.LTD.The prototype test and field test,through the field test,the machine running safe,reliable and has good performance,all the indexes reach the standard rules,can satisfy the grain harvest of maize and straw baling integration operation process requirement.