| The ornamental flower plants bloom and fall,cycling in the four seasons.It is not only a part of the seasonal landscape valued in Chinese classical gardens,but also a part of the life of Nanjing people who love and look for flowers.More importantly,it plays a key role in accelerating the construction of Nanjing ecological garden city and creating the city style with Nanjing characteristics,as well as the characteristic planning of the ornamental flower plants and the creation of time-changing landscape.The sampling survey of two representative comprehensive parks in Nanjing was carried out by using improved point-centred quarter method.The sample points are 104 in total.Based on the investigation and analysis of the species resources and community characteristics of common ornamental flower plants,this paper focuses on the study of the distribution characteristics of ornamental flower plants in the best viewing period and the time-changing landscape planting by means of which,the viewing period of flower community landscape is extended and the arrangement of ornamental plants and tree species planning is guided.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)It is concluded that there are 72 species of the ornamental flower plants in two comprehensive parks,distributed in 23 families and 46 genera.The dominant families are Rosaceae(25 species in 12 genera),Oleaceae(11 species in 6 genera),Magnoliaceae(7 species in 3 genera)and Caprifoliaceae(5 species in 3 genera).The dominant flower colors are red series(36.1%)and white series(29.2%),and the dominant spend appearance are denseness(33.3%),cluster(19.5%)and interspersion(18.1%).In the high level,middle layer(38.9%)and upper layer(36.1%)dominate.There are 36 species of fragrant flower plants and 39 species of indigenous plants among 72 species of the ornamental flower plants,which have high application value.(2)The community characteristics of ornamental flower plants were studied.The distribution uniformity of the important value of the arbor layer is greater than that of the shrub layer.More tree species together constitute the landscape of the arbor layer with higher richness,while the tree species ranking higher in the shrub layer have significant advantages,and the rest are scattered.The main species forming the landscape structure and appearance are Cedrus deodara(14.60),Magnolia grandiflora(14.05),Armeniaca mume(9.51),Cinnamomum camphora(9.16),Osmanthus fragrans(8.63)which is arbor and Viburnum macrocephalum f.keteleeri(32.20),Chimonanthus praecox(21.05)which is shrub.The ranking and distribution of the important values of each zone of the two parks are different,forming different landscape features according to geography or functional zoning.(3)Using phenological observation method for reference,the ornamental flower plants in the sample field and the temperature of the day were observed for one year.According to the analysis,temperature change has a significant effect on the beginning flowering period of spring ornamental flower plants.Cooling may delay the flowering of some trees with high temperature sensitivity.The flower viewing landscape in Nanjing comprehensive parks is mainly in spring,with the proportion of the ornamental flower plants accounting for about 78%.The best viewing period is mainly from mid-march to early may.Representative species are Michelia maudiae,Magnolia denudata,Magnolia soulangeana,Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea,Cerasus yedoensis,Chaenomeles speciosa and so on.There are relatively few species of ornamental trees in summer.Representative species are Magnolia grandiflora,Nerium indicum cv,Paihua.Hibiscus syriacus,Lagerstroemia indica and so on.Only Osmanthus fragrans,Chimonanthus praecox,Camellia japonica,and Armeniaca mume were observed in autumn and winter.And The best viewing period is mainly distributed in October,January and February.In addition,the length of the best viewing period were counted and sorted,which served as the basic data for the time-changing plant configuration in the comprehensive parks.(4)Taking the typical community groups in two parks as examples,this paper summarizes two configuration methods of flower sequence landscape in the comprehensive park.The flowering superposition method is mainly applied to the display of major scenic spots in the park on important holidays,and the flowering replacement method is more widely applied to all parts of the park,providing visitors with continuous viewing effect on weekdays.Through the analysis of the associated species of the common ornamental flower plants in the comprehensive parks,the common combinations of each species were obtained such as Armeniaca mume+Chimonanthus praecox,Osmanthus fragrans+Cerasus serrulata var.Lannesiana,Magnolia grandiflora+Robinia pseudoacacia,Lagerstroemia indica+Loropetalum chinense var.Rubrum,Loropetalum chinense var.Rubrum+Rhododendron simsii and so on.Furthermore,the types and patterns of the ornamental flower plants configuration commonly used in the comprehensive parks were summarized.And its overall condition is good except for time-changing and innovative design.Based on this,this paper puts forward some suggestions on the configuration of ornamental flower plants to Nanjing comprehensive park,and recommends some good configuration mode,so as to extend its viewing period,and enhance its sense of time-changing. |
