| Burdock originated from China(Arctium lappa L.,2n=2x=36)is a biennial vegetable belonging to the Compositae family,which could be used as herbal medicine and vegetable.It is also known as Dongyang luobo,white-flesh Ginseng.Burdock with resistant to storage and transportation,suitable for processing,suitable for export,and high nutritional value has been widely planted all over the world.Nowadays,with the rapidly development of burdock industry in china,some problems have presented in the cultivation and development of burdock.For example,there is no efficient method to identify burdocks germplasm resources.The morphological characteristics could not be distinguished for they are easily affected by environmental conditions and developmental stages.Nutritional quality traits of main cultivars were not systematically analyzed and evaluated.Due to the highly requirements for soil depth,soil physical and chemical properties,there are few other cultivation methods except conventional open field cultivation.Therefore,the aims of this study were to identify the main cultivars of burdock grown in the market at the molecular level by the SRAP technology.The quality and characteristics of main cultivated burdock varieties were systematically identified and evaluated to screen high-quality burdock resources through autumn planting.Meanwhile,the investigation on seed priming and new cultivation method was carried out to efficiently identify and evaluate the burdock germplasm resources,promoting seed germination and innovation of novel and efficient cultivation method.The main findings were as follows:1.Using seven main burdock varieties as materials,165 SRAP primers were screened and 18 pairs of primer combinations with polymorphism ratio of above 60%were obtained.The polymorphism ratio of each pair of primers was 61.53%-86.67%.There were 9-16 loci and 7-13 polymorphic loci detected by each pair of primer combinations.A total of 227 loci were amplified,of which 170 were polymorphic loci with a polymorphic ratio of 74.89%.SRAP-PCR amplification profiles,DNA block fingerprint and digital fingerprint of seven varieties were constructed.2.The nutritional quality analysis indicated that the ’NAU-B7’ and ’NAU-B5’ with higher contents of soluble protein,vitamin C and soluble sugar were the genotypes with high quality.The results indicated the ’NAU-B6’ was with lower nitrate content.Combining with the nutritional quality and field performances,these two lines could be used as good materials for genetic improvement of nutritional quality in burdock root.3.The burdock seeds were treated with different initiators of CaCl2,KNO3,PEG and GA3,respectively.The results showed that PEG and CaCl2 had the best priming effect and could significantly improve the germination rate and physiological characteristics of the seeds.Among them,0.5%CaCl2 and 30%PEG treatment gave rise to the best effect,and the germination rate and germination potential of seeds were significantly higher than those of the control.The activities of antioxidant enzymes in all treatments were higher than those in the control.4.A new burdock cultivation device that could meet the needs of the growth of burdock was developed in this study,and the corresponding technical regulation for burdock cultivation was formulated.The water content,soluble sugar content and Vc content of the burdock cultivated with the device were 1.2%,6.2%,and 6.3%higher than that of the control group,respectively,and the nitrate content was 4.1%lower than that of the control. |
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