| In the late 1970s,in order to alleviate the severe decline of Marine fishery resources,especially the inshore fishery,caused by overfishing,Zhejiang Province took the lead in implementing the policy of "Marine summer fishing moratorium" nationwide.Based on the good results of Zhejiang Province’s system,China began to implement the Marine summer fishing moratorium in the East China Sea,Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in 1995.So far,the policy of "Marine summer fishing moratorium" has undergone 13 adjustments,extending the fishing moratorium period from four to six months,and gradually covering all the waters under the jurisdiction of China.It has become a normal measure for the management and conservation of fishery resources.Although the policy of fishing moratorium in summer season is an inevitable choice under the current situation of fishery resources and environment in China,it also causes objective problems such as unguaranteed income and declining livelihood level of fishermen during the period of fishing moratorium.Based on the theory of social security,welfare economic theory and the theory of sustainable development,likert scale and principal component analysis method was used to construct the fishermen living satisfaction scale and fishermen living satisfaction factor analysis model,and empirical studies on zhoushan area,the affected by the policy FuJi moratorium,fisherman fishing moratorium livelihood satisfaction and influence factors are analyzed.The research is mainly carried out from the following three aspects:(1)Measure the livelihood satisfaction of fishermen during the fishing moratorium.Firstly,Likert method was used to design a livelihood satisfaction scale for fishermen from five perspectives:income level,resting state,income uncertainty and basic living security level during the fishing moratorium;Secondly,based on the random sample data of 430 Zhoushan fishermen affected by the fishing moratorium policy in summer season,the designed scale was used to measure the satisfaction of Zhoushan fishermen in summer fishing moratorium。The results showed that:①The implementation of the policy of "Marine summer fishing moratorium" would significantly reduce the monthly income level of Marine fishermen,and the average monthly income of the surveyed fishermen during the fishing moratorium was less than 10%of the average monthly income in the open season;②The vast majority of Marine fishermen are not satisfied with their livelihood during the fishing moratorium.(2)Analysis on influencing factors of fishermen’s livelihood satisfaction.First of all,theoretically construct the analysis framework of fishermen’s livelihood satisfaction impact mecnanism,ana analyze its impact on fishermen’s livelinooa satistaction from the perspectives of human capital,material capital,social capital and other capital;Secondly,the method of combining principal component analysis and OLS model was used to construct a model of the influence mechanism of fishermen’s livelihood satisfaction;Finally,based on random survey data,the factors influencing the livelihood satisfaction of the fishermen in Zhoushan City during the fishing moratorium are analyzed.The results show that the livelihood satisfaction of Marine fishermen during the fishing moratorium is mainly affected by the supporting policies of local fishermen during the fishing moratorium,the fishermen’s own professional and technical level,whether they join fishermen’s social organizations,monthly income during the fishing moratorium,family annual income and diesel subsidy income,etc.(3)Policy Suggestions to Improve Livelihood Satisfaction of Fishermen during Fishing Closure Period.Based on the analysis of(1)and(2),three policy recommendations are proposed:①Carry out the targeted skills training for fishermen during the fishing moratorium;②Strengthen cooperation between departments to create short-term jobs for fishermen during the fishing moratorium;③Improve the social security system of fishermen and guide them to participate in the insurance initiative. |
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