Research On The Livelihood Issues And Countermeasures Of Affected Fishermen Under The Background Of The Yangtze River’s Ten-Year Fishing Ban Policy

China has implemented a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River since January1,2020,and has implemented a no-fishing policy for fishermen in key waters of the Yangtze River basin.The policy has had a profound impact on the livelihoods of many affected fishermen in the Taihu basin.Based on the data of interviews and questionnaires conducted by affected fishermen in Taihu Lake in July 2021,Based on the literature information and other methods,this paper analyzed the living conditions and main influencing factors of affected fishermen in this area.The generalized additive model(GAM)was used to quantify the relationship between age,medical expenditure,total annual family income,total annual family expenditure,number of independent living children,health status,housing condition,education level and life happiness of affected fishermen.Based on this,policy suggestions are put forward to improve the livelihood and happiness of fishermen who have affected from fishing.The specific results are as follows.By means of questionnaires and field visits,144 affected fishermen in Taihu Lake area were collected in this study.Data analysis shows that the average annual income of fishermen in the Taihu Lake area is about 45,000 yuan.Affected fishermen as a whole show uneven income distribution,individual differences are relatively large.In the situation of declining fishery resources,fishermen around Taihu Lake mainly make a living by means of diversified management,asset transfer and migrant work.The survey found that about 80% of fishermen have no clear intention to work at present,and 49% still have no clear intention to work even though the government has provided some jobs.At the same time,the choice of re-employment for affected fishermen is limited.About 47% of fishermen are engaged in temporary low-skilled jobs such as odd jobs,and their jobs and incomes are extremely unstable.About 81 percent of fishermen have an average social security amount of 1,000 yuan or less,which is the minimum level of basic security,and the level of social security is relatively low.This makes some affected fishermen face difficulties in life and increases contradictions and conflicts among family members of affected fishermen.This paper comprehensively analyzes the main factors that affect the livelihood of the affected fishermen.The current income and education level of the affected fishermen are the most important factors that affect their livelihood.Generally speaking,the livelihoods of high-income families,better-educated affected fishermen,affected fishermen in good health,and fishermen with better living conditions are relatively high.Fisherman’s happiness of life is a direct expression of fishermen’s livelihood level.Based on questionnaire survey data,this study applied the generalized additive model(GAM)to quantitatively analyze the relationship between fisherman’s happiness and factors such as age,education level,marital status,family income,social security status,etc.The research shows that good physical health,stable living pattern,good living environment and higher education are the main factors that make fishermen feel satisfied with life,while unhealthy physical condition,unstable living pattern and lack of money management ability are the main reasons that reduce the happiness of life of fishermen.Based on the above analysis results,this study believes that the main way to solve the livelihood problem of affected fishermen around Taihu Lake is to make every effort to improve their income and education level.This study suggests that the government should vigorously develop green tourism,aquaculture,high-tech agriculture and other emerging industries to guide affected fishermen to switch to production and business.Set up skills training courses and knowledge popularization courses to improve the fishermen’s education level and actual employment competitiveness;We will provide employment support for fishermen who have returned from fishing by means of financial subsidies and tax incentives,and help them to start their own businesses.The 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River has affected the livelihoods of affected fishermen in Taihu Lake area in many ways.These problems not only affect the fishermen themselves,but also bring certain negative impacts to the society and economy.By quantifying the happiness of life of affected fishermen and its influencing factors,this study further studies the issues affecting the livelihood level of fishermen.It provides some reference value for solving the livelihood problem of affected fishermen in Taihu Lake area.