Optimal Allocation Of Soil And Water Conservation Measures In South Central Liaoning

The severe test of soil erosion in China is the primary problem of ecological environment and one of the problems that need to be solved urgently.This article is to select Liao Zhong south region there are two major reasons for the study area,on the one hand is densely populated Liao Zhong south area,urban centralized,terrain slope,soil erosion is serious,the area of the first industry is relatively backward in the second and the third industry,how to in limited conditions,give full play to the role of the soil and water conservation measures is a crucial problem;On the other hand,in today’s increasingly prosperous spiritual civilization,ecological civilization is widely understood by more and more people.As General Secretary Xi Jinping has said,green mountains are better than mountains of gold,which encourages me to make contributions to my hometown through what I have learned,which is also the original intention of my research.In this paper,liaoheping is divided into two regions,namely,Liaoheping original habitat environment protection farmland protection zone centered in Shenyang and Liaodong Peninsula habitat environment protection and disaster reduction zone centered in Dalian.Arcgis software was used to interpret high-resolution remote sensing images.Combined with DEM and measured data of runoff plots in the study area,each impact factor of the two districts was calculated and corrected.Taking the existing soil and water conservation measures in the field survey research area as the research object,RUSLE2software was used to simulate and configure the soil and water conservation measures on the slope under different topographic conditions in the region.Through the research,the following conclusions can be drawn:（1）Through calculation and correction,the values of each impact factor of the two zones in the south of central Liaoning were obtained.The rainfall erosion factor R of the protected zone and the disaster mitigation zone were 2782.73MJ·mm·hm^-2·a^-1and3047.02MJ·mm·hm^-2·a^-1,respectively.SoilerosionerodibilityfactorKis0.027t/hm²·h/hm²·MJ·mm and 0.025t/hm²·h/hm²·MJ·mm respectively.The plant cover and management factor C of the selected main crops corn and soybean is 0.25 and 0.26.The main soil and water conservation measure factor P is between 0.084 and 0.414.The determination of the value of each impact factor provides a reference for the related research in the future.（2）According to the three slope boundary values of 3°,5°and 8°,different water and soil conservation measures were adopted in the two zones.After the adjustment of simulation configuration,a more appropriate combination of water and soil conservation measures was obtained.In the configuration of compound isometric measures,when the slope is less than 3°,transverse ridge and hedgerow have the best effect,which can effectively reduce soil and water loss and avoid the aggravation of soil loss by human disturbance.When the gradient is greater than 5°and 8°,the ridge belt plays a role,the spacing is 9 or 18m,the ridge belt is the same,the ridge surface is 1.1m,the ridge height is 1.2m,this is the best combination.Between5°and 8°,cross ridge,hedgerow and ridge belt were adopted for interlacing planting.In the compound measures of unequal distance,the higher the short distance,the more obvious the effect is,and the higher the slope,the stronger the effect is.Horizontal terraces should be built on slopes with a slope of more than 8°.It has the best benefit of reducing sand and retaining soil,which can reduce soil loss and erosion to a certain extent.（3）On the base of soil and water conservation measures,it puts forward the model of 7kinds of soil and water conservation measures configuration,respectively is a contour ridge tillage+De Geng plant zone,such as big ridge cultivation+grass+dark tube drainage channel,channel lining up pile+bottom pressure willow+no-till planting bag,farmland shelterbelt+straw high stubble configuration mode,farmland shelterbelt+straw mulching no-till,ridge to the zone field+grass waterways,green manure+reverse slope gentle slope terrace,layout of soil and water conservation measures on Liao Zhong south region have certain reference significance.（4）Optimal allocation of soil and water conservation measures in the southern part of central liao:in the protection zone,transverse ridge no-tillage is adopted<3°,transverse ridge no-tillage+hedgerow is adopted at 3°～5°,contour tillage+hedgerow is adopted at 5°～8°,and horizontal terrace+bunds+hedgerow is adopted at>8°.In the disaster reduction zone<3°,transverse ridge no-tillage was adopted,transverse ridge no-tillage+ridge belt was adopted at 3°～8°,contour tillage+ridge/hedgerow was adopted at 8°～12°.Horizontal terracing or afforestation and grass planting were recommended at>12°.The purpose of this study is to explore and summarize the optimization design basis of soil and water conservation measures in the southern part of Liaoning Province.However,this model only conducts simulation and result analysis on measures of fixed slope length,which is only applicable to the analysis of soil and water loss in the local ideal state,and the measure analysis is not comprehensive enough.In the follow-up study,the allocation of water and soil conservation measures should be further optimized according to the landform,climate and soil in more detailed zones,so as to form the system norms of water and soil conservation measures suitable for different zones in southern Central Liao region.