| The destruction of natural ecological environment and human ecological environment is becoming more and more serious.Soil and water conservation is the most important work in ecological environment protection.Especially in Southwest China,where the proportion of mountain area is very large,the effect of soil and water conservation often determines the economic fate of some mountainous areas in Southwest China.It is an important content of soil and water conservation work to establish ecological compensation system suitable for local soil and water conservation construction and local economic and social development conditions.Taking Changshou District of Chongqing as an example,based on the current situation of soil and water loss and the problems existing in soil and water conservation work in Changshou District,this paper puts forward a series of ecological compensation systems for soil and water conservation,such as ecological compensation mechanism,ecological compensation standard,ecological compensation mode and ecological compensation approach.The results are as follows:(1)In 2018,the total area of soil and water loss in Changshou District is about 14.21km~2,the degree of soil erosion is mainly mild and moderate erosion,the area of mild erosion accounts for 81.72%of the total area of soil and water loss,followed by moderate erosion,which accounts for10.42%of the total area of soil and water loss,and other erosion degrees account for a relatively small proportion.This area belongs to the key control area of soil and water loss in Chongqing.(2)Compared with the collection and collection of soil and water conservation in 2018,the levy and charge of soil and water conservation in 2019 is10.35 times of that in 2018,and the newly increased prevention and control area of soil and water loss in 2019 is 1.78 times of that in 2018.The existing problem in the supervision of soil and water conservation in Changshou District is that the collection fee and the control area are not in a positive proportion,so the supervision should be strengthened.(3)Through the implementation of soil and water conservation measures in Changshou District,the production and living conditions of farmers have been further improved,and the ecological,economic and social benefits are remarkable.In2018,the ecological benefit of Changshou District is 10.16 km~2,which can reduce28800 tons of soil loss,increase 664500 m~3of effective utilization of precipitation,and increase 0.057km~2of forest and grass vegetation area.The economic benefit is to increase economic income by 10.7008 million yuan,increase grain yield by 441900kg,and benefit more than 10000 people.In 2018,the implementation of equity project of social benefits in Changshou District has been unanimously welcomed and praised by the cadres and the masses in the project area.(4)There are three principles to improve the compensation mechanism of Ecological Construction:first,deepen the reform of ecological damage compensation system;second,the government led and supervision to promote;third,increase the monitoring points of soil and water loss in villages and towns,and increase the publicity of ecological compensation for soil and water conservation.In order to improve the compensation evaluation of ecological environment construction,suggestions for Changshou District government are as follows:firstly,strengthen the legislation and policy of ecological protection;secondly,strengthen the supervision and strengthen the awareness of law enforcement;thirdly,the organic combination of the government and the market;fourthly,strengthen the publicity of ecological compensation for soil and water conservation,and enhance the awareness of soil and water conservation. |
