Analysis On Fruit Traits Of Hybrid Progenies Of Hawthorn‘ Shandong Damianqiu’בQiujinxing’

Breeding of new hawthorn varieties is of great significance to promote the development of hawthorn germplasm resources.In order to breed a fresh-eating big-fruit hawthorn variety with excellent characters,this experiment used’Shandong damianqiu’(big fruit)and’Qiujinxing’(suitable for fresh eating)as parents to cross,and obtained more than 700 hybrid offspring.In the following years,the plants with poor growth were eliminated by means of listing,visual inspection of tree body growth and observation of fruit setting rate.Starting from 2019,73 strains with excellent characters were selected from the remaining 320 progeny strains,and the single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,fruit shape index,peel hardness,peel hardness,peel and flesh color were measured.Then,in 2020,the fruits of most progeny strains selected last year were measured.Ten superior lines with different characters were obtained through measurement and screening in 2019 and2020,which are the following types:First,the big fruit superior line:17-1,the average single fruit weight is 14.58g,the fruit shape index is 0.75,the skin hardness is 8.6(10~5Pa),yellow peel,white flesh,sour flavor and smooth taste,and the kernel rate is 53.5%;3-1,average fruit weight is 12.96g,fruit shape index is 0.83,skin hardness is10.08(10~5Pa),orange peel,yellow flesh,sweet and sour flavor,soft taste and kernel rate is 59.5%;17-2,average fruit weight is 12.79g,fruit shape index is 0.82,skin hardness is9.74(10~5pa),red peel,white flesh,sour flavor and soft taste,and kernel rate is70.5%;7-6,average fruit weight is 12.62g,fruit shape index is 0.91,skin hardness is10.65(10~5Pa),red peel,white flesh,sour flavor and soft taste,and kernel rate is 51%;Second,the superior line of Huangguo:11-1,average fruit weight is 9.90g,fruit shape index is 0.83,skin hardness is10.92(10~5pa),yellow peel,yellow flesh,sour flavor and soft taste,and kernel rate is54%.Third,the red flesh superior line:5-3,average fruit weight is 11.49g,fruit shape index is 0.8,skin hardness is9.94(10~5Pa),red peel,red flesh,sweet and sour flavor,smooth taste and kernel rate is58.5%;16-5,average fruit weight 12.40g,fruit shape index 0.8,skin hardness 12.77(10~5pa),red peel,red flesh,sweet and sour flavor,hard taste and kernel rate 47%;Fourth,the excellent system with high hardness:16-6,average fruit weight 9.37g,fruit shape index 0.87,skin hardness 13.37(10~5pa),red peel,white flesh,sour flavor,hard taste and kernel rate 76%;Fifth,Superior lines with high kernel rate:15-3,average fruit weight is 8.83g,fruit shape index is 0.99,skin hardness is11.59(10~5pa),red peel,yellow flesh,sour flavor and soft taste,and kernel rate is88.5%;Sixth,sweet fruit superior line:7-4,average fruit weight is 11.30g,fruit shape index is 0.76,skin hardness is9.9(10~5Pa),red peel,white flesh,sweet flavor and soft taste,and kernel rate is48.5%;This study has certain reference significance for breeding new hawthorn varieties.