Selection Of Superior Lines Of Hybrid Progeny Of Korla Pear And Evaluation On Its Large Fruit Bud Variation

17 primary selected excellent individual plants and 1 large fruit bud of Korla pear hybrid progeny were used as test materials,Through the investigation,analysis and comprehensive evaluation of its phenological period,botanical morphological characteristics,fruit traits,etc.,to screen the superior lines of the hybrid progeny of Korla pear,to provide reference for the selection of new varieties;and to conduct morphology,biology,cytology and ploidy of the single plant of Korla pear bud variation,to provide reference for the selection of bud variation material and reference.The main research results are as follows.1.There are differences in the phenological period of the 17 first-selected superior lines of the hybrid progeny of Korla pear cultivated in the Alar region,with the first flowering period from April 2 to 9,the last flowering period from April 13 to 21,and the fruit development period from 102 to 162 days,among which the fruit development period of 85-16-4 and 84-17-1 is longer;among them,there is one medium-early superior line,two medium-ripening superior lines,eight medium-late ripening superior lines,and six late-ripening superior lines.2.Through the principal component analysis of 21 traits such as appearance quality,taste and flavor,and nutritional quality,the comprehensive evaluation results show that the overall quality of 85-1-17 and85-8-37 is superior.85-1-17 has bright fruit surface with red halo,crisp flesh type,soluble solids 14.69 %,total sugar 12.89 %,total flavonoids 143.46 mg/kg,total phenols 49.88 mg/kg,and superior quality.85-8-37 with bright colour,good colour appearance,13.82 % soluble solids,0.02 % titratable acid,594.80 sugar to acid ratio,9.55 kg/cm2 peel hardness,good flavour.3.The large-fruited bud variant of Korla pear showed bright fruit colour with a red halo and a single fruit weight of 245.35 g,which was significantly larger than that of Korla pear by 64.17 %;compared with Korla pear,its fruit soluble sugars,total phenols,total flavonoids and sugar-acid ratio were significantly larger,and stone cell content and hardness were significantly lower.The morphology,cytology and ploidy identified that the width of the guard cells of the leaves and the cell size of the flesh of the large fruit bud variant were significantly larger than that of the Korla pear.