Tissue Culture And Chromosome Karyotype Analysis Of Physalis

Nicandra physalodes is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Solanum and Physalis.It has been widely processed and applied in the fields of medicine and food,so it has extremely high economic value.However,the dormancy period of Nicandra physalodes seeds is relatively long,and the germination rate is low,resulting in many obstacles in the process of development and utilization.Therefore,the establishment of a physalis regeneration system and a comprehensive analysis of its chromosome karyotype can effectively improve the utilization of physalis germplasm resources,and it is also closely related to its evolution and gene positioning.The experimental material of this experiment is pseudo physalis.For the type of culture medium,the types of hormones and their concentration ratio,the effect of various explants on the callus of pseudo physalis,etc.,comprehensive and in-depth research on the practice and cultivation of seedlings The relationship and mutual influence between the later cultivation of test-tube seedlings,the study of which medium is suitable for different stages,the ultimate goal is to successfully build a pseudo-physalis regeneration system.Further professional treatment of Nicandra physalodes root tip,and compare the effects of various pretreatment time,treatment solution concentration and dissociation time on chromosome preparation,so as to obtain the cells in the metaphase of mitosis,and then carry out the karyotype.Research.The results of the study can be summarized as:1.The establishment of the regeneration system of Nicandra physalodes.The best disinfection method for false physalis seeds is: 75% alcohol for 10 seconds and 0.1%mercury for 7 minutes.In the process of callus induction culture,the selected Nicandra physalodes explants include leaves,cotyledons and hypocotyls.False physalis cotyledon is the best explant for callus induction.The most suitable medium for callus is A9,namely MS+6-BA3.0 mg/L + IAA0.3mg/L,and the callus rate is 98.3 %.The best medium for the differentiation of Nicandra physalodes callus is A5: MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + IAA 0.2 mg/L,the differentiation rate of cotyledon is 63.74%;the differentiation rate of hypocotyl is 59.19%.Cotyledon differentiation rate>hypocotyl.The most suitable rooting medium is MS + NAA0.2 mg/L or MS + IBA 0.2 mg/L,and the rooting rate is 100%.2.Nicandra Physalodes chromosome preparation and karyotype analysis: Nicandra physalodes has small chromosomes.When chromosome preparation is performed,chromosomes are prone to overlap,which affects chromosome count and karyotype analysis.In order to obtain a well-dispersed and clear metaphase,the production technology is required to be high.In terms of film production,the best combination of pretreatment of Nicandra physalodes root tip is 0.1% colchicine solution pretreatment for 3 hours,the chromosomes are well dispersed and the morphology is clear;the best time for dissociation is8 min;for karyotype analysis,pseudo acid The number of plasma chromosomes is 2n=24,the karyotype formula is K(2n)=24=24m,and all chromosomes are midcentric chromosomes.The arm ratio range is 1.06-1.50,and the average arm ratio is 1.14.The relative length range is 2.25%-14.89%,the chromosome length ratio is 6.62,and the ratio of chromosomes with arm ratio greater than 2:1 is 0%,which belongs to the 1B karyotype.The karyotype asymmetry coefficient is 52.32%.