Relationship Between Fodder Supply And Livestock Demand In The Farming-pastoral Zone Of The Tibet Shannan Region

The Farming-Pastoral Zone extends from Heilongjiang Province in the northeast to Tibet Autonomous Region in the southwest of China.It is characterized by the blending of farming culture and nomadic culture,and its production structure is complex.However,the supply and demand relationship between grass and livestock has always been key to the sustainable production and friendly environment of grass husbandry in the Farming-Pastoral zone.At present,studies that examined the supply and demand relationship of grass and livestock in the Farming-Pastoral zone have mainly focused on the low altitude areas,but the balance of grass and livestock in the high altitude areas received little attention.The Shannan area in Tibet Autonomous Region is a typical high-altitude Farming-Pastoral zone,and the supply and demand relationship between fodder and livestock is not only related to the local food safety,but also related to the construction of the ecological barrier of Tibet Autonomous Region.This study took Gongga and Langkazi County in Shannan area as examples to estimate the supply and demand relationship between fodder and livestock from fodder and crude protein views between from 2015 to 2019,with two daily forage intakes.One daily forage intake is used to maintain the livestock survival and the other is used to meet the livestock for economic production.And then this study put forward the different schemes of balance between fodder supply and livestock demand.Based on the economic value of each scheme,this study found the best scheme to realize the balance between fodder supply and livestock demand in two counties.The results of this study can provide the scientific basis for sustainable economic development and an idea for the estimation the fodder supply and livestock demand relationship between grass and livestock in high altitude areas.The main conclusions were following:1.The fodder supply was smaller than the fodder demand for livestock in Gongga County and Langkazi County when livestock were considered as living property or were considered as economic productionWhether the Gongga County was worked on agricultural,or the Longkazi County worked on animal husbandry.The fodder supply was lower than that for livestock living property and livestock as economic production,in which the maximum necessities of fodder in Gongga and Langkazi County were 1.06×10~5 t and4.08×10~5 t,respectively.2.The crude protein supply both in Gongga and Langkazi County could not meet the crude protein demand for livestock when the livestock were engaged in the economic production of animal husbandry.In Gongga County,the crude protein supply could meet the crude protein demand for livestock when the livestock were living for property.In Langkazi County,the crude protein supply could not meet the crude protein demand for livestock when the livestock were living for propertyThe crude protein supply in the Gongga and Langkazi County was relatively stable among the three years,the average of crude protein supply in the Gongga and Langkazi County was 6 700 tons and 1 800 tons,respectively.The demand for crude protein in Gongga and Langkazi County were 3 800 tons and 6 260 tons,respectively,when the livestock was living property,The demand for crude protein in Gongga and Langkazi County were 21 300 tons and 34 400 tons when the livestock was living for economic production.These results suggested that the crude protein supply in Gongga County could meet the crude protein demand when livestock were living property,but could not meet the crude protein supply when the livestock engage in animal economic production.However,the crude protein supply in Langkazi County could not meet the crude protein demand whether the livestock were living for property or living for economic production.3.This study propose the spatial complementary scheme of fodder supply and fodder demand for livestock based on alfalfa pasture(Medicago sativa),livestock reduction and fodder transport,in which the livestock were living for property and living for economic production as the goal,and also considered fodder quantity and crude protein supplyWhen alfalfa was planted in all potential surplus arable land(excluding crop acreage)in Gongga and Langkazi County,and the livestock were treated as living property in the two County,the fodder supply and crude protein supply could meet livestock demand.When the livestock were engaged in the economic production of animal husbandry in Gongga and Langkazi County,the fodder supply and crude protein supply could not meet the demand of livestock.When the livestock were regarded as living property in Gongga County and the livestock were engaged in the economic production of animal husbandry in Langkazi County,the crude protein supply in Gongga County could meet the demand of livestock.When the livestock were engaged in the economic production of animal husbandry in Gongga County,and the livestock were regarded as living property in Langkazi County,the fodder supply and crude protein supply of the two counties could not meet the need of the livestock.4.Different schemesof the balance between the fodder supply and the fodder demand for livestock had different economic value,in which the maximum economic value were obtained when the livestock were living for property in Gongga and LangkaziEach scheme of the balance between the fodder supply and the fodder demand for livestocks had different economic value,when cost of investment and economic output were calcultaed.The optimal regional economy value was obtained when the livestock were treated as living property in Gongga and Langkazi County,and alfalfa pasture should be 1 000 hm~2 and 7 800 hm~2 in Gongga and Langkazi County respectively.Gongga County should transport 12 100 tons fodder and crude protein 1800 tons to Langkazi County,which could achieve the equilibrium of breeding.