Study On Resistance To English Grain Aphid Of Wheat Germplasm Resources

Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world,and the existence of wheat aphid seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat,so mining excellent wheat varieties with insect resistance is one of the main tasks at present.In this study,the aphid ratio method was used to identify the resistance of 3034 wheat varieties(lines)from all over the country to Sitobion avenae,and the region,parental sources,antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde of the aphid-resistant materials were analyzed.The following experimental results were obtained:1.Among the 3034 wheat varieties(lines)investigated,2099 test materials wee identified the Sitobion avenae performance at the adult stage.The total number of Sitobion avenae resistant materials was 886,accounting for 42.20% of the tested materials,of which11 showed high resistance to Sitobion avenae,274 middle resistance and 601 low resistance,accounting for 0.52%,13.05% and 28.63% of the tested materials,respectively.2.Among the tested materials,the wheat region with the most Sitobion avenae resistance materials was Huang-Huai winter wheat region,accounting for 30.93% of the total wheat area in China,and the three regions with the largest percentage of Sitobion avenae resistance materials in their respective provinces were Shanxi Province,Henan Province and Hubei Province.The percentages were 71.43%,58.42% and 53.66%,respectively.The three regions with the lowest percentage of Sitobion avenae resistant materials in their respective provinces were Gansu Province,Sichuan Province and Xinjiang Province,with percentages of 14.29%,23.73% and 27.27%,respectively.The results showed that wheat and Sitobion avenae coevolved,and there were more Sitobion avenae resistant materials in the area where the wheat Sitobion avenae was the dominant population.3.For the wheat varieties(lines)with good resistance to Sitobion avenae,pedigree analysis was used to study the aphid resistance of their parents.It was found that Zhoumai13,Lumai 21,Liangxing 66,Yangmai 5 and Chuanyu 11 could be used as excellent parents for Sitobion avenae resistance breeding,and their derived progenies had good resistance to Sitobion avenae.It is speculated that these superior parents carry aphid resistance genes.4.Of 3034 wheat varieties(or lines)of 957 materials indoor seedling Sitobion avenae resistance identification,a total of 518 wheat varieties(lines)in seedling stage and into plant period of Sitobion avenae resistance performance is consistent,accounted for 54.13%of the germplasms,wheat seedling stage and into plant period in case of Sitobion avenae is high or the resistance of wheat varieties(or lines)with a total of 72 copies,There was no significant difference in resistance between seedling stage and adult stage between wheat varieties(lines).5.The five wheat varieties(lines)Jimai 41598,Jimai 209,Huayi 01,Chuanmai 602 and 13YF881 showed high resistance,medium resistance,low resistance,low susceptibility and high susceptibility to Sitobion avenae,respectively.The activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in wheat were increased to different degrees compared with those before the aphidization,and POD activity was significantly positively correlated with the resistance of wheat varieties(lines).MDA content was negatively correlated with the resistance of wheat varieties(lines),while SOD,CAT and PPO activities were not significantly correlated with the resistance of wheat varieties(lines).