| The biogas slurry obtained by anaerobic fermentation of biogas engineering is a liquid quick-acting organic fertilizer rich in nutrients.The rich biologically active substances are easily absorbed and utilized by crops and can regulate the normal physiological activities of crops.The application of biochar can adsorb and trap the nutrients in the biogas slurry,and make the adsorbed nutrients have a certain slow-release effect,avoiding leakage and leaching.Based on this,this research takes Northwest greenhouse tomatoes as the research object,adopts water and fertilizer integrated hole irrigation technology for fertilization,and explores the effects of different biochar mixing amounts and biogas slurry on tomato physiological and ecological indicators,yield and quality,water and fertilizer use efficiency,and physical and chemical properties in root zone soil.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Biochar combined with biogas slurry had significant effects on tomato plant height,stem thickness,leaf area per plant and the accumulation of dry matter in each organ of tomato.When the concentration of biogas slurry was constant,the growth index of the two experimental tomatoes increased with the increase of the amount of biochar,and the combined application was more effective than the fertilizer treatment.When the amount of biochar was 2%,the T2 treatment was the best.(2)Combining the results of the two cropping experiments,it can be seen that the tomato yield of different water and fertilizer treatments in the quantitative cropping experiment showed a trend of T2>T1>T0.5>CF>T0,and the yield difference was significant.When the mixing amount of biochar was 2%,the yield per plant of the two experimental tomato plants was the largest under the conditions of biogas slurry application,and it was significantly higher than that of the chemical fertilizer treatment.There was a linear relationship between the tomato yield per plant and the amount of biochar blended in the two trials,and the maximum per plant yield difference between the two trials was 21.16%.When the mixed amount of biochar is 2%,the WUE and PFPN of the two test tomatoes PFPN was the largest under the conditions of biogas slurry application,which increased by 1 1.11%and 5.26%,7.01%and 2.02%respectively compared with chemical fertilizer treatment.At the same time,combined with the high water and low fertilizer of biogas slurry and the strong adsorption performance of biochar,the WUE and PFPN of tomato in 2020 are lower than in 2019.(3)Combining the results of the two experiments,it can be seen that when the blending amount of biochar is 2.0%,the single fruit weight,fruit shape index and sugar-acid ratio are the highest;when the blending amount of biochar is 1.0%,soluble sugar and vitamin C,Soluble protein and the highest water content;when the blending amount of biochar is 0.5%,the fruit has the highest titratable acid,soluble solids and hardness.In order to determine the influence of each single nutritional quality index of tomato on the comprehensive nutritional quality of tomato,this paper determines the weight of each single nutritional quality of the two trials based on the combination weighting method of game theory.The weight of soluble protein is the highest and the weight of titratable acid is the lowest.Based on the weight assignment method,the TOPSIS method was adopted,and it was obtained that when the blending amount of biochar was 1.0%,the comprehensive nutritional quality index of the two experimental tomatoes was the highest.Finally,the combined evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate tomato yield,WUE,PFPN,and comprehensive nutritional quality.When the blending amount of biochar is 2.0%,it will help to promote the improvement of crop economic benefits.(4)Combining the results of the two experiments,it can be seen that the soil pH,total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and organic matter content in the tomato root zone under different water and fertilizer treatments all showed the trend of T2>T1>T0.5>CF>T0.The physical and chemical properties of the soil first increase and then decrease with the increase of the soil depth at each growth stage,and reach the maximum value at 20cm.The content of the soil physical and chemical properties in the tomato root zone at each growth stage is fruit maturity stage>fruit expansion stage>flowering and fruiting Period>Seedling period.Due to climate and other conditions in the two trials,the physical and chemical properties of the tomato root zone soil in 2020 were higher than in 2019. |
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