Effects Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus And Potassium Application Rates On Yield And Quality Of Broccoli

In recent years,with the rapid development of modern agriculture and the continuous adjustment of agricultural industrial structure,the planting area of broccoli is increasing and the benefit is improving.However,the slow renewal of broccoli varieties,the abuse of chemical fertilizer and the serious obstacles of soil continuous cropping have existed for a long time,which seriously restricts the healthy development of broccoli industry.Therefore,screening suitable broccoli varietie and studying scientific and reasonable fertilizer application are of great significance to improve the ecological and economic effects of broccoli planting.In this experiment,8 broccoli varieties were selected.The comparative experiments includes plant characters,flower ball characteristics and quality characters.Response surface methodology was used to study the effects of different application rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the growth of broccoli.The main results are as follows:1.The comparative test of 8 broccoli varieties showed that Mantuolv,lvbaoshi and Naihanyouxiu had better plant types,and Naihanyouxiu,Lvbaoshi,Zheqing 70 and Mantuolv had larger flower balls and higher fresh weight and dry weight;the flower ball of Zheqing 70,Naihanyouxiu and Lvbaoshi contain richer protein and higher VC.These three varieties of broccoli,Naihanyouxiu,Lvbaoshi and Zheqing 70 performed well.2.Take the broccoli variety Naihanyouxiu as the material.Taking nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium as the experimental factors and adopting the Response surface methodology,the indexes of flower ball diameter,flower ball unit weight,flower ball soluble sugar and protein content were measured to screen the best combination of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization.The results showed that the best combination of nitrogen fertilization was nitrogen fertilizer(total nitrogen)639.97kg,313.90kg phosphate fertilizer(P2O5)334.40kg potassium fertilizer(K2O)per hectare.3.According to the research results of Response surface methodology,taking the broccoli variety Naihanyouxiu as the material,set different application combinations of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)to study the effects on the shape,weight and quality of broccoli flower ball.The result shows that under the conditions of applying 640kg nitrogen(total nitrogen),315kg phosphorus(P2O5)and 335kg potassium(K2O)per hectare,the fresh weight and dry weight of flower ball are the best,and the longitudinal diameter and plant weight of flower ball are also higher,the fertilizer combination has a good effect in promoting plant growth and increasing flower ball volume and weight.This also shows that the best combination of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applied to broccoli can be used to guide broccoli production in practice.In production,the best application rates of these three fertilizers are 630～650kg,300～330kg and 320～350kg per hectare.