| With the continuous development of breeding industry and feed industry,the contradiction between supply and demand of conventional high-quality protein feed resources has further increased,and the price of feed raw materials has increased and fluctuated frequently.At present,China’s pig feed is mainly corn soybean meal feed,and unconventional feed raw materials such as peanut meal are hardly utilized,resulting in a waste of resources.More and more waste is produced after peanut oil extraction.In order to solve the problem of insufficient utilization of peanut meal and reduce the production cost of feed,peanut meal is used instead of soybean meal as protein feed raw material,and mixed strain fermentation is used to improve the nutritional value of peanut meal feed raw material,improve feed digestibility and palatability,promote feed conversion and reduce environmental pollution.In this paper,in the experimental study on the optimization of the fermentation process of peanut meal,through the UV spectrophotometer method,it was determined that the most obvious absorption wavelengths of Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus rhamnosus,Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were 560 nm,560 nm,550 nm and 350 nm respectively,and the absorbance was 1.473,1.473,1.862 and 2.234.The time of logarithmic growth period: 12 ～24 h for Lactobacillus plantarum,28 ～ 30 h for Lactobacillus rhamnosus,18 ～ 30 h for Bacillus subtilis and 6 ～24 h for Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Finally,the inoculation time is determined to be 30 h.According to the formula of feed raw materials,the feed raw materials were made for process optimization.Four important fermentation conditions were selected as the optimization conditions: fermentation time,temperature,feed water ratio and inoculation amount.Then the orthogonal experimental design of four factors and four levels was adopted.The fixed strain ratio was 1:1:1:0.5,and the fermentation time,inoculation amount,fermentation temperature and feed water ratio were used as the fermentation parameters,The best values of each factor are obtained.The results showed that when the inoculation amount was 6 %,the fermentation time was 96 hours,the fermentation temperature was 30 ℃,the feed water ratio was 1:0.4,the organic acid content of fermented peanut meal was the highest,the p H value was 5.105,and the acid soluble protein content was the highest8.74 %.The drying and sterilization conditions for the production of peanut meal feed by mixed fermentation of four strains were preliminarily determined.The drying and sterilization conditions for peanut meal feed production by mixed fermentation of four strains were determined,and the data of crude protein,crude fiber,calcium,phosphorus and lysine were determined by routine laboratory methods.Thirty six healthy dudachangwai Sanyuan pigs aged 75 days were randomly divided into two groups with 18 pigs in each group for digestion test.The feed was designed by using a set of algorithms.90 % of the basic diet +10 % of the peanut meal raw materials were prepared and compared with the conventional corn feed.The average daily gain,feed weight ratio and other data were measured to calculate the apparent digestible energy.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the final organic acid content between the fermented feed sterilized before fermentation and the non sterilized group.The acid soluble protein content of the sterilized group increased by 1.59 % compared with the control group（p<0.05）.The effective viable count of the four kinds of fermented bacteria after sterilization increased significantly compared with the control group（p<0.05）.The moisture content at the beginning of drying at 60℃ for 2.5 hours was 9.20 %,which did not affect storage,The feed quality is the best;The apparent digestible energy（DE）of peanut meal fermented feed was 13.11mj/kg,equivalent to 14.96 mj/kg of conventional corn feed.The apparent digestible energy（DE）of peanut meal feed decreased by 1.81 mj/kg,which was significantly different from that of the control group（p<0.05）.The average daily gain（ADG）and feed weight ratio（F/G）were basically the same as those of the control group.The average daily food intake（ADFI）of peanut meal feed group was 1.46 kg/d,increased by 0.07 kg/d,Compared with the control group,the difference was significant（p<0.05）,the content of calcium（Ca）was 0.66 %,the content of lysine（Lys）was 0.66 %,and the content of crude fiber（CF）was4.38 %.Compared with the control group,the difference was significant（p<0.05）,which had higher nutritional value. |
