Effects Of Different Mulching Methods On Soil Microenvironment And Fruit Quality In Jujube Orchard

In this study,the 7-year old Jujube junzao was taken as the research object in xinjiang densely planted jujube garden.The effects of different mulching methods on root soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality of Jujube Junzao were studied by using four treatments,namely,ground covering fabric,straw,plastic film and orchard grass.The soil temperature,air temperature and humidity,soil physical and chemical properties,soil microbes and fruit quality of Jujube junzao in jujube garden were measured and analyzed by the method of field observation and laboratory experiment.The results showed that:1.Covering of jujube garden improved air temperature and relative humidity,which was beneficial to jujube tree fruit setting;Straw,garden cloths and grass mulching all reduced surface soil temperature,plastic film increased surface soil temperature,and each mulching had little effect on deep soil temperature.2.The four mulching treatments had no significant effect on the soil bulk density and porosity of the topsoil of jujube garden.Straw mulching significantly increased the soil bulk density of the 20-60 cm soil layer,and significantly reduced the soil porosity of the soil layer.3.4 Mulching had a significant effect on the soil organic matter content in the topsoil of jujube orchard,but had little effect on the soil organic matter content in the deep soil.Straw and garden cloth had better effect on reducing the water-soluble salt content in topsoil,while mulching had no significant effect on the water-soluble salt content in deep soil.After mulching treatment,the soil available nutrient contents of the orchard were straw mulching and orchard grass.From May to June,straw,plastic film and orchard grass had a certain effect on p H mulching in 0-40 cm soil layer.4.The order of soil microbial richness after mulching treatment was straw mulching > ground cloth mulching > orchard grass > plastic film > clear tillage control.4.Mulching could increase the content of vitamin C and flavonoids in junzao fruit,and mulching had certain effects on fruit weight,transverse and longitudinal meridian of junzao fruit.Straw mulching and plastic film treatment significantly increased the contents of protein and starch,straw mulching and orchard grass significantly increased the content of soluble sugar,and the four mulching treatments significantly reduced the titratable acid content of Junzao fruit.In conclusion,mulch cultivation can regulate the air temperature,humidity and soil temperature of jujube orchard,straw mulch and orchard grass can affect the soil physical and chemical properties of jujube orchard,increase the soil microbial biomass,improve the fruit quality of Junzao,increase soluble sugar content and reduce titratable acid content,which makes the fruit taste better.It was further indicated that mulching of jujube orchard could improve soil microdomain environment and fruit quality of Jujube junjunus.