Study On Flood Disaster And Relief In Huaiyang During The Period Of The Republic Of China

The Huaiyang is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river,and the Yellow River once flowed through it.The Yellow River changed several times.In 1855,it seized the Huaihe river and entered the sea.After the Huaihe river lost its mouth,it flowed into the Yangtze river.During the period of the Republic of China,the Huaiyang was flooded frequently,especially in 1921,1931 and 1938.In the period of the Republic of China,the flood in Huaiyang presented the characteristics of continuity,concentration,concurrency and alternation.There are various types of flood in Huaiyang during the Republic of China.The frequent floods in Huaiyang were the result of the combination of natural factors and social factors.The natural factors such as special climate,landform and hydrological factors,combined with the economic poverty and constant wars in Huaiyang during the Republic of China,reduced the government’s ability to resist disasters.The flood in Huaiyang had a profound historical cause.In the Qing Dynasty,jin fu controlled the water and built Gaojia weir in Hongze lake,which laid a hidden danger for the flood in Huaiyang during the Republic of China.Flood in the period of the Republic of China had a far-reaching impact on Huaiyang society.The flood damaged the agricultural production in Huaiyang and blocked the traffic.The flood victims in Huaiyang moved to Zhenjiang,Shanghai and other southern areas.At the same time,the flood had a negative impact on the financial industry,causing economic depression in Huaiyang.In terms of social order,the phenomenon of rice grabbing,dam opening disputes and bandit infestation occurred frequently in Huaiyang society,which intensified various social contradictions and affected the social order in Huaiyang during the Republic of China.During the period of the Republic of China,the flood relief in Huaiyang was completed by the cooperation between the government and the people,mainly by the government,and mainly by the people.The government measures include disaster prevention and reduction before the disaster,emergency relief during the disaster and relief after the disaster.During the period of the Republic of China,more civil organizations participated in the flood relief in Huaiyang,such as the relief fund,the Red Cross,the local people’s association and individuals actively carried out relief for the flood in Huaiyang,which was an important supplement to the flood relief of the government.In addition,the author also made an objective evaluation of flood relief in Huaiyang during the Republic of China.This article mainly use historical materialism and the history of modernization,adopt the method of history and sociology study of Huaiyang flood during the period of the Republic of China,more truly reflect the period of the Republic of China the Jiangsu people’s social life,but also reflects the government for natural disaster relief ability at that time,the processing capacity of social public events,reflect China’s disaster relief for modernization.The study on Huaiyang flood in the period of Republic of China provides reference for chinese disaster prevention and mitigation.