A Study On The Legal System Of Governing Tibet By Central Government In Qianlong Time

As the last dynasty of the feudal society,the legal system construction of the Qing dynasty developed from the accumulation of thousands of years of feudal society in China.As a central government established by the manchurian aristocracy,the Qing court paid more attention to the relationship with Han and other ethnic minorities after entering the central plains and ruling the whole country.Therefore,the construction of legal system for minority ethnic groups,especially in the Qianlong period,had unprecedented achievements and distinctive characteristics.The related legal system construction in the Qianlong period of the Qing dynasty is a miniature of the legal system construction in the minority areas.Therefore,it is worth studying the construction of the legal system of central administration of Tibet in Qianlong period of Qing dynasty.The introduction mainly introduces the significance of the topic and the innovation of the research on the central government’s rule of Tibet in the Qianlong period,the literature review on the central government’s rule of Tibet in the Qing dynasty,and the explanation of related concepts.The text is divided into three parts.The first part mainly introduces the basic situation of politics,religion,economy and other aspects in Tibet during the Qianlong period,laying the foundation for the later article to explain the particularity of the construction of the central government’s rule of Tibet legal system in the Qianlong period.The second part first introduces the social reality in Tibetan areas during the period of emperor Qianlong had introduced the legislation,and focuses on such as "13","the article 29" and so on important legislation,from the administrative law,religion,law,economic law,diplomatic and military five aspects,such as the content of the Qianlong period in central Tibet legal system in this paper.Then it introduces the development of the central government agencies in the Qianlong period,such as the minister in charge of Tibet and the Li Fan Yuan.In the end,the author discusses the jurisdiction of the central government over the judicial cases in Tibet,and points out that the central government had jurisdiction over the judicial cases in Tibet during the reign of emperor Qianlong,based on the analysis of political cases,religious cases and criminal cases.In ancient times,civil cases belonged to "folk details",which was rarely regulated by national laws.In addition,the central government of the Qing dynasty adopted the principle of "follow custom and follow propriety" in ethnic minority areas,so civil caseswere not included in the scope of this paper.However,this did not affect the jurisdiction of the central government of the Qing dynasty over Tibet.Central Tibet in the third part analyzes the period of emperor Qianlong of legal system,summarizes its characteristics and its influence,Qianlong period of the central Tibet has always maintained the rule of legal system,the "follow traditions from the appropriate",flexible form and strengthen the jurisdiction,the central Tibet legal system to promote the development of the social system,consolidate the frontier in Tibet area to maintain national unity of many ethnic groups,and have a positive impact to social development in the Tibetan region.It provides rich experience in governing minority areas by law.Epilogue part think central in Tibet region governance during the period of emperor Qianlong had enacted a series of legal system and measures,not only accord with the requirement of the Qing dynasty unified centralized development,as well as basic meet the needs of the development of Tibetan region society,to construct the legal relations between the central and Tibetan ethnic areas of new,to the development of the Tibetan areas and lay the solid legal basis for national stability.