| Social exclusion is a common and negative interpersonal experience.Previous studies have found that social exclusion can have a negative impact on individuals’ cognition and emotions,and even lead to anti-social behaviors such as aggression.It is an important issue in this field to explore how to alleviate the negative impact of social exclusion.Attribution is an important cognitive factor that affects the outcome of social exclusion.Some studies have shown that intervention in individual attribution can improve people’s subsequent behavior.However,existing literatures in the field of social exclusion mostly focus on the negative role of attribution bias between social exclusion and aggressive behaviors,and generally ignore the possible positive role of attribution intervention or induction in the field of social exclusion.At the same time,different types of social exclusion have different characteristics,and the types of social exclusion also have an impact on the results of social exclusion.However,most previous studies that explored the relationship between social exclusion and aggressive behavior did not make a strict distinction.According to this,the core types of rejection and ostracism were selected as the representative types of direct and indirect exclusion in this study.Based on the internal and external factors of attribution to manipulate the attributional induction,with college students as the research object.The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of different types of exclusion on aggressive behavior,the role of attributional induction between social exclusion and aggressive behavior,and whether attributional induction has the same effect on alleviating aggressive behavior caused by different types of social exclusion.The two studies respectively adopt network task paradigm and cyberball paradigm to induce the rejection type of direct exclusion and the ostracism type of indirect exclusion.The participants were induced to make internal or external attributions of the exclusion event through the guidance language,while the control group does not induce attribution.At last,the applicant evaluation paradigm was used to measure the aggressiveness of the excluded.The results of this study are follows:(1)The type of exclusion has an impact on aggressive behaviors after social exclusion.Rejection and ostracism,the two core types of exclusion,can increase individuals’ aggressive behaviors.However,the sense of exclusion,negative emotions and aggressive behaviors caused by ostracism indirect exclusion are significantly higher than those caused by rejection direct exclusion.(2)Attributional induction has a significant effect on aggressive behavior after social rejection.Different exclusion situations and attributional induction have interactive effect on aggressive behavior.In rejection situations,the aggressive behavior of the internal attributional induction group is significantly less than that of the external attributional induction group and the non-attributional induction group.(3)Attributional induction has no significant effect on aggressive behavior after ostracism.There was no significant difference in aggressive behavior between different attributional induction groups.The aggressive behavior of the ostracism group was still significantly higher than that of the acceptance group.(4)Attributional induction can alleviate aggressive behaviors caused by specific types of social exclusion. |
