| This study takes aspect category of Wulong Hani language as the main research object,guided by the related theories of linguistic typology,comprehensively utilizes field research corpus and document corpus to give a preliminary summary and analysis of commonality and individuality of other Hani dialects and some Tibeto-Burman languages in terms of grammatical form,source of aspect markers,and usage characteristics.This dissertation consists of six parts as follows:Introduction clears the reason and significance of this topic,introduces the research objects and methods,and makes a review on the main research history and important findings of aspect category of Hani and Tibeto-Burman languages.Chapter one gives the definition and classification standard of aspect category and establishes the basic framework of Wulong Hani aspect category based on the representative viewpoints at home and abroad,and makes a detailed description and analysis of each aspect category.Chapter two summarizes the expression means of Wulong Hani aspect category and analyzes the correspondence between aspect markers and semantic types of verb,and finds out distribution law of different aspect markers of same aspect category in semantic characteristics,usage frequency and so on.Chapter three mainly analyzes the source and grammaticalization path and grammaticalization degree of aspect markers as well as the historical evolution relationship among various grammatical categories of Wulong Hani language.Chapter four compares with other Hani dialects and Tibeto-Burman languages to extract similarities and differences.Based on the results of comparison,we summarize the synchronic characteristics and diachronic evolution of Hani aspect category,and reveal the restrictive relationship between whether the morphological changes are rich or not and the grammatical means of the aspect category as well as the characteristics of the use of aspect markers.Conclusion summarizes the overall characteristics of the Wulong Hani aspect category.The preliminary conclusions are as follows:1.The aspect category of Wulong Hani language belongs to the type of "event process aspect",which expresses the state of the event in the time process.It is composed of 9 sub-categories:perfective aspect,perfect aspect,experienced aspect,progressive aspect,durative aspect,continuative aspect,inchoative aspect,imminent aspect,and prospective aspect.2.As for the expression means,the analytical means like postposition marker should be seen as the main means,and the morphological means is the auxiliary one,such as the tone inflection,duration variation,reduplication and so on.This distribution pattern is compatible with the analytical system of Hani language.3.Self-derived aspect markers mainly arise from the grammaticalization verbs,adjectives and auxiliary verbs under the metaphor and analogy mechanism,and the degree of grammaticalization shows different levels.Under the subjectivizaition mechanism,aspect category realizes further grammaticalization and establishes diachronic connection with epistemic modality,evidentiality and mood categories.Exotic aspect markers are produced in language contact and play an important role in the development of Wulong Hani aspect system.By using the borrowed aspect marker Guo "θΏ‡" from Chinese,its aspect system has formed the opposition of perfective aspect,perfect aspect and experienced aspect.4.Through the comparison with Hani dialects,we can find that there is an evolution direction of "morphological means> coexistence of morphological and analytical means> analytical means " in Hani aspect category,which is also in line with the diachronic evolution law of weakening of morphological change and strengthening of analyticity in Tibeto-Burman language.Through the comparison with Tibeto-Burman languages,it can be seen that the expression means of Tibeto-Burman aspect category generally adapt to the type characteristics of related language systems,but there are also complex collocation relations. |
