Research On The Ways Of Rural Evolution And Revitalization In The-loess Plateau From The Multi-functional Perspective

The rural revitalization strategy provides new ideas and concepts for rural development in the new era,emphasizing the overall revitalization of the rural regional system in terms of industry,culture,talent,ecology,and organization.Based on the rural multi-functional perspective,this paper studies the rural development in the Liupan contiguous destitute areas in the Loess Plateau.lt uses comprehensive index evaluation method,longitudinal comparison coefficient and horizontal comparison coefficient evaluation to carry out rural function evaluation and evolution analysis,and combines global spatial autocorrelation and local space.Autocorrelation analyzes its spatial heterogeneity and summarizes the characteristics of rural multifunctional spatial pattern.By identifying superior functions,classify the types of rural functions in the Loess Plateau,and propose functional zoning schemes.Finally,according to the conditions and characteristics of each functional area,a rural revitalization strategy is proposed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Liupan contiguous destitute areas have changed from weak to strong with spatial heterogeneity gradually.In 1992,the overall rural multi-functionality was relatively weak,with the average value of the multi-functional index being only 0.045;In 2005,the mean value of the functional index increased to 0.096,and the spatial differentiation pattern initially appeared;In 2017,the overall level was at a medium level,with an average value of 0.197,with significant spatial differentiation characteristics;In 2019,the overall multi-functionality of rural areas is still at a medium level,and the distribution pattern of various levels of counties is roughly the same as in 2017.With the support of a long-term policy of benefiting farmers,the economy and infrastructure in rural areas have achieved rapid development.(2)There is a big gap in the evolution process of various rural functions in Liupanshan’s contiguous and destitute areas.From 1992 to 2005,the rural multifunctional index showed an increasing trend,with an average growth value of only 0.051;From 2005 to 2017,the multi-function index increased significantly,with an average growth value of 0.101;In 2017-2019,the multifunctional index has grown slowly,with an average growth value of only 0.017.1n recent years,we have always insisted on giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas.Funds and policies have been tilted towards the "three rural" areas,which has boosted rural development.In 2019,14.75%of the county’s multifunctional index decreased,due to the decrease in the output of agricultural products per capita in some counties and the insufficient improvement of medical service capacity.(3)There is a big gap in the evolution process of various rural functions in Liupanshan’s contiguous and destitute areas.Among them,the economic development function index increased the most,the average longitudinal comparison coefficient was 10.31,and the agricultural production function increased the least,and the average longitudinal comparison coefficient was 2.69.Mainly due to the increase in the number of rural residents engaged in non-agricultural industries and the increase in the output value of the secondary and tertiary industries,the economic development function index has increased the most.Due to the limitation of land resources,the growth of agricultural products such as grain and meat has been slow,restricting the rapid development of agricultural production functions.(4)The spatial differentiation of rural functions in the contiguous and extremely poor areas of Liupan Mountain is remarkable.From 1992 to 2019,agricultural production functions,economic development functions,and ecological conservation functions have long-term strong spatial agglomeration.The results of the LISA cluster map show that in 2019,the agricultural production function of the study area is highly clustered,and the cluster of low-high clusters is significant.The function of economic development is obvious with low low aggregation and high high aggregation.Living life function whispered gather more obvious.Ecological conservation functions are significant for high-high aggregation and low-low aggregation.(5)Based on the functional indexes of the study area in 2019,the 61 counties in the Liupanshan contiguous destitute area are divided into 3 first-level categories and 8 second-level categories using the dominant function identification method and the principle of function type classification.Propose corresponding rural revitalization paths and measures.