Research On The Motif Of "Medicine For Immortality" In The Note Novels Of Han,Wei And Six Dynasties

In the eyes of the ancients,longevity is the top five happiness things in life."Zuo Zhuan · twenty years of Zhao Gong" records,king then issued a sigh: "ancient but no death,how happy?" In Tian Wen,Qu Yuan asked: "where can we not die,how can we keep our long life?" Immortality is the eternal goal of human beings.Taking the medicine of immortality is an important means to achieve immortality.For a long time,the records of undead trees,undead villages and undead people in the book of mountains and seas have attracted the attention of many scholars.When Gu Jiegang investigated the Kunlun mythology,he believed that the gods in Kunlun Mountain kept immortality by making undead medicine,and they also used it to revive the dead.It can be seen that the drug of immortality is not only an effective way to achieve longevity,but also has a strong ability to revive.During the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties,everyone was eager to learn the secret of immortality and master the skills of becoming immortal.The legends about cultivating immortals,practicing Taoism and seeking the medicine of immortality were widely spread among the people.These stories share a common core motif: "the medicine of immortality".In addition to trees,grass and water,there are also derivatives of various plants.In addition,the immortal medicine containing artificial force is also a major feature of this period.To a large extent,the change of the form of immortality medicine was influenced by the belief in immortals.The belief in immortality which prevailed in the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties brought the belief in immortality and immortality medicine into their own belief system.This paper uses the method of literature analysis to analyze the motif of "Immortality medicine" in Ghost Novels by combing the research status of myth motif,the literature of note novels in Han,Wei and Six Dynasties and the related research of immortality medicine.Mainly from the historical background of the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties,the type of the motif of "Immortality",the relationship between immortality and immortality belief,the function and significance of four aspects to explore the spiritual value behind the change of immortality,so as to understand the spiritual appeal of the times.The main body includes four chapters.The first chapter combs the historical background of the rise of the motif of "medicine for immortality".There are many records about the medicine of immortality in the pre Qin literature,but most of them are just a few words without detailed description.However,in the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties,there are a large number of stories about immortality medicine and their depictions are detailed.There are three reasons: first,the social life in the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties is full of turbulence.The frequent occurrence of wars,the struggle of political power,and natural disasters have made people of all walks of life in a state of crisis.At this time,the fantasy of "Immortality" has become the spiritual sustenance and goal of most people.Second,Taoism and the rise of the movement of seeking immortals.In the Han Dynasty,there was an upsurge of seeking immortals and alchemy from the top to the bottom with the participation of the whole people.Under the promotion of Taoism,the belief in immortals prevails in social life,infiltrates into all aspects of cultural thought and people’s life,and also provides people with spiritual habitat.Thirdly,the opening of the Silk Road promoted the economic and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.In the process of commodity exchange and population flow,the story of the drug of immortality from abroad was introduced into our country,and integrated with the local drug of immortality,which enriched the motif of the drug of immortality in the folk narrative.In the second chapter,using the method of motif analysis and story morphology,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the motif of "the medicine of immortality" in the note novels of Han,Wei and six dynasties.Firstly,the morphological changes of the drug were investigated.Taking "nature" and "artificial" as the boundary,this paper divides the forms of immortality medicine into two categories: natural things(immortality tree,immortality grass,immortality peach,chrysanthemum,jade)and synthetic things(immortality pill,Qi,immortality wine),and analyzes the cultural roots of different forms of immortality medicine in turn.Secondly,based on the analysis of the plot of the immortality medicine,the way of obtaining the immortality medicine is divided into three types: Immortal gift,accidental acquisition,theft and self-cultivation.The third chapter,from the perspective of literature analysis,investigates the relationship between the motif of "immortal medicine" and the belief in immortals.First of all,it analyzes the influence of immortal belief on the motif of "Immortality medicine" from the immortality of characters and immortality of immortality medicine.Secondly,it analyzes the influence of the motif of "medicine for immortality" on the belief in immortals.Taking the path of immortality cultivation as the breakthrough point,this paper explores the influence of the two paths of immortality cultivation on immortality cultivation.Through the analysis,it is found that in the process of immortalization of characters and immortality,the immortal belief not only expands the existing immortal system and deepens its own cultural connotation,but also realizes the deep integration with the motif of immortality.To a certain extent,the motif of "Immortality medicine" influences the way of immortality cultivation and the mode of daily cultivation.The fourth chapter further analyzes the function and significance of the motif of "medicine for immortality" in order to investigate people’s spiritual demands in the Han,Wei and six dynasties.First,analyze the transformation function of undead.Immortality medicine is the medium to realize the transformation of life and time and space.It can help people complete the transformation from "death" to "life",from "human" to "immortal",and from "human world" to "immortal world".Secondly,the spiritual significance of the motif of "the medicine of immortality" is examined,including the cultivation of individual morality and the spiritual pursuit of "the unity of man and nature".In the story of immortality,there is a direct connection between personal moral quality and the qualification of immortality.In addition,the spiritual value of the medicine of immortality is also integrated with the thought of "Heaven confers monarchical power" and "the unity of heaven and man".