| With the rising proportion of the elderly population,there are more and more fraud cases against the elderly.Fraud will not only bring financial losses to the older victims but also lead to serious psychological and behavioral negative changes,threatening the physical and mental health of the elderly.Over-trust is one of the main reasons that lead to the elderly being easily deceived.Existing research mainly discusses the influence factors of over-trust of the elderly from the cognitive perspective.Emotion has an important social function in interpersonal interaction.Previous studies have shown that emotion is closely related to individual trust behavior.Combining with the practical problems of elderly fraud,this study explores the influence of emotional arousal on trust and trust learning of the elderly and its mechanism by using the experimental paradigm of trust research.In Experiment 1,2(age: college students,old people)×3(emotional arousal type: positive,negative,neutral)between-subject design was used to awaken the emotions of different potency through the text and picture materials related to fake advertisements,and to explore the different influences of positive and negative emotions on the trust evaluation and purchase intention of fake advertisements and the age differences.The autonomic nervous reaction of the subjects during emotional arousal was monitored and recorded in real time by multiple physiological recorder.The results show that the elderly have a stronger autonomic nervous reaction with positive emotional arousal,while college students have a stronger autonomic nervous reaction with negative emotional arousal.Compared with the negative emotional arousal condition,the subjects make higher trust evaluation on fake advertisements under the positive emotional arousal condition;There is a significant age main effect in the trust evaluation of fake advertisements,the trust of the elderly is significantly higher than that of college students;Under different emotional arousal conditions,there is no significant difference between the elderly and college students in purchase intention.The results of experiment 1 show that the elderly responded more positively to fake information in trust judgment,so experiment 2 planned to explore whether the elderly responded more positively to untrustworthy clues in the process of trust learning.In Experiment 2,2(gaze cues: congruent,incongruent)× 5(block: 1,2,3,4,5)within-subject design was used to explore the emotional arousal characteristics of the elderly in the face of different trustworthiness cues and its mechanism in trust learning.The multiple physiological recorder was used to monitor,detect and record the autonomic nervous reaction of the subjects in real time.The results show that the elderly have the gaze cueing effect,and the RTs under the condition of congruent gaze cues are faster than that under the condition of incongruent;In the gaze-cueing phase,there is no significant difference in autonomic nervous reaction between the old and the inconsistent gaze cues;In the aspect of trust evaluation,the old people’s trust evaluation on the faces that provide congruent and incongruent gaze cues is significantly improved after trust learning,and the scores of the old people’s re-trust evaluation on faces are significantly higher than the initial evaluation,and the change of trust evaluation is not related to the congruency of gaze cues.Based on the results of the two experiments,we can draw the following conclusions: older people have a higher trust level in fake advertisements and have a more positive response to fake information.Emotional arousal will affect the individual’s trust in fake information,while positive emotional arousal will enhance the individual’s trust in fake advertisements.In the process of trust learning,the old people are not sensitive to the gaze trustworthiness cues provided by the faces,and the repeated exposure of the faces enhance the old people’s trust evaluation. |
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