Temporal Features Of Cognitive Processing Of Self-reference Pronouns:The Moderating Effect Of Self-voice

Self is dynamic and multi-level.However,previous studies rarely explored the dynamic and multi-level nature of self-cognitive process,that is,they did not explore the self from the perspective of multi-modal and multi-level integration.This is probably because previous studies focused on the visual channel,but ignored the auditory channel.Studies on hearing show that voice is an individual’s expression of identity,emotional,and verbal information Therefore,this study attempts to use self-reference pronouns to represent the psychological self,self-voice to represent the physiological self,and self-reference personal pronouns to represent the subjective self,self-reference possessive pronouns to represent the objective self,and further explore the time characteristics of psychological self-cognitive process in the audio-visual channel,as well as the influence of physiological self on psychological self-cognitive process.In Study 1,the visual Oddball paradigm(Experiment 1a)and the auditory Oddball paradigm(Experiment lb)were used,both of which used personal pronouns and possessive pronouns with different referential information as task independent small probability stimuli.The results of experiment 1a showed that the second personal pronoun elicited greater amplitude in P2 and the first possessive pronoun elicited greater amplitude in PN.The results of experiment 1b showed that both the first referential pronoun and the second possessive pronoun induced greater amplitude in N1 and PN components.The results showed that in visual channel,the first referential pronoun could elicit the self-reference process;in auditory channel,the first and second referential pronoun could elicit the semantic and situational self-reference processing respectively,and the subject-and object-self regulate the different time windows of cognitive processing.In Study 2,the auditory Oddball paradigm was used to further explore different types of self-reference processing.In experiment 2a,different voice categories and personal pronouns were used as task independent small probability stimuli,while in experiment 2b,different voice categories and possessive pronouns were used as task independent small probability stimuli.The results of experiment 2a showed that the self-voice elicited smaller N1 amplitude,the second personal pronoun elicited smaller P2 amplitude,and there was no difference in the PN component of personal pronouns;the results of experiment 2b showed that the interaction between voice category and possessive pronoun was significant in the N1 and PN components,and the first possessive pronoun elicited larger amplitude in the self-voice,while the first possessive pronoun elicited larger amplitude in the non-self-voice,The second possessive pronoun elicits greater amplitude.Study 2 showed that not only physical and psychological self could elicit individual self-reference processing,but also non-physical and non-psychological self could be transformed into self-related stimuli in certain situations,then eliciting individual self-reference process.The experiment results were consistent with the hypothesis.The conclusions were as follows:(1)the first referential pronoun induces semantic related self-reference process in visual channel,while the first and second referential pronoun elicit semantic and situational related self-reference processing in auditory channel;(2)the physical and psychological self could elicit relatively stable self-reference process,non-physical and non-psychological self could elicit the individual’s self-reference process in certain situations;(3)compared with the subjective self,the objective self mainly showed the difference of cognitive process in the late window.