The Development Of Urban Park In Tokyo Since Meiji Restoration

Influenced by the military invasion of the United States,the closed and backward shogunate was eventually replaced by the new Meiji restoration government,which set Japan on a new capitalist development path.In 1871,Meiji government sent a delegation with Iwakura as plenipotentiary minister to investigate the political system of Europe and the United States in an all-round way,hoping to seek the way to make the country strong.After visiting all over the world,the park,a new thing for Japan,came into Iwakura’s sight.As a leisure and entertainment place,the park has the characteristics of political enlightenment,economic development,environmental protection and many other functions,making it one of the symbols of western advanced civilization.The concept of modern park began to spread in Japan after the delegation returned home,which led the birth and development of modern park in Japan.Throughout the changes of the style of Tokyo park before and after the Second World War,it experienced the overall Westernization in the Meiji period,the rise of the harmony style after the Taishou Period,the breakthrough progress in the law making and structure setting of the park in the early stage of Showa,and the idea of the park as a public space also continued to deepen and strengthen in the planning process of the park.With the outbreak of the Second World War,the construction and management of the park was suspended.After the war,Japan carried out a series of restoration work,and the park cause was upgraded again.The modern color of park construction is obviously enhanced,and the color of science and technology is strong.Many private territories are also excavated and opened to the general public,constantly expanding the scope and scale of Japanese parks.The government is the leading force in the development of social ecology.Through the four levels of park construction,the Japanese government has given full play to the leading role of the government in the construction of urban public space,realizing the continuous strengthening and promotion of the whole social public consciousness.At the same time,the public also participate in the construction and management of the park,giving full play to its autonomy,and the public participation consciousness is deepened with the park structure.By analyzing the development process from westernization to harmony of Tokyo parks since the Meiji period,this paper clarifies the coordination between the government and the public in the development process of parks in Japan,and gets some ideas and suggestions from the construction and management of parks in Japan.