A Study On The Chuxian-Category Verbs In The Foreigners-oriented Chinese Learning Dictionaries

It is of great significance to accurately present the definitions,citations,collocations,discrimination and other information of confusable words in the foreigners-oriented Chinese learning dictionary,and thus enable Chinese learners to understand the differences between confusable words and master the correct usage.In the field of Corpus Linguistics,the extended unit of meaning emphasizes the co-selection of vocabulary and vocabulary,vocabulary and grammar,pattern and meaning,which can be used for the research of fixed usages such as constructions.At present,there is still research space for the further in-depth study of confusable verbs from the perspective of learning dictionaries,based on the analysis method of extended unit of meaning.To serve the Chinese teaching,this study focuses on six similar but different verbs as the research objects,which include "chansheng（产生）,fasheng（发生）,chuxian（出现）,zaocheng（造成）,yinqi（引 起）,daozhi（导致）" referred as chuxian-category verbs.Then,this study utilizes large-scale the Chinese native language corpus and the Chinese interlanguage corpus,and adopts the analysis method of extended unit of meaning to investigate and analyze its usage.Finally,this study combines the compilation practice of existing foreigners-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries,and puts forward improvements.The specific work of this study includes:（1）This study takes the chuxian-category verbs as node words,extracts 60,000 index lines from the BCC corpus,and analyzes their typical collocations,colligations,semantic preferences and semantic prosodies.A detailed description is made to reveal the semantic,grammatical and pragmatic characteristics of this type of verbs in the context of Chinese native language.（2）By the same method,6140 index lines are extracted from the HSK dynamic composition corpus to comprehensively examine the learners’ overall usage and summarize the errors.（3）Based on the analysis of the Chinese native language corpus and the Chinese interlanguage corpus,this study investigates and compares the effectiveness of three representative foreigners-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries（Commercial Press Learner’s Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese,A Chinses Dictionary for Learners and Teachers and The Commercial Press Guide to Chinese Synonyms）,in terms of the definitions,citations,discrimination of the chuxian-category verbs,and then possible optimization solutions are tentatively put forward.This study finds that the typical collocations,colligations,semantic preferences and semantic prosodies of the chuxian-category verbs have both similarities and differences between Chinese learners and native speakers.And it is necessary for the foreigners-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries to make adaptive adjustments to the processing of such words.Based on the Chinese native language corpus and the Chinese interlanguage corpus,the study introduces the idea of extended unit of meaning,and makes a detailed comparison and analysis of the two types of language materials produced by native speakers and learners.In this way,the usage differences and usage conditions of the chuxian-category verbs can be finely described from the ontology level.As for application,it can provide suitable examples and teaching strategies according to the learners’ error production,which is in accord with the user-demand-oriented strategy of the compilation of foreigners-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries.