Research On Marcuse Ideology Theory

Marcuse pointed out that in advanced industrial societies,technological rationality and political domination have merged into a new form of control.This new form of control that exists in all areas of social life is multi-layeredly dispelling various negative forces in society.He believes that people living in a developed industrial society have gone from the superficial alienation of production and practice activities to the deep alienation of psychological instinctive structure.Marcuse pointed out that on the one hand,science and technology bring people ample material living conditions,on the other hand,the technological rationality contained in science and technology has led to a comprehensive repression and survival dilemma for people,and people are reduced to one-dimensional people who have lost the negative,critical,and transcendent nature of the material and spiritual aspects of the existing society.People have formed a false ideology on the conscious level.Alienated consumption in the economic field,opposing manufacturing in the political field,and critique and elimination in the high-end cultural field have formed an integrated new type of social repression.Moreover,because it is draped in the veil of technical rationality,it appears more reasonable and secretive as a tool of social governance.Science and technology have become a tool of social domination and have an ideological function.In the face of this alienation deep into the ideological realm,Marcuse believes that the revolution in the human ideological realm should be carried out through the artistic revolution,to get rid of the false ideological control imposed by the advanced industrial society on humans.Marcuse believes that eros as the essence of human beings is the sublimation of sexual desire in multiple dimensions.However,in developed industrial societies,the development of material civilization has greatly suppressed the essence of human beings.In the face of repressive civilization,people’s psychological instinctive structure should be changed firstly.In Marcuse’s view,consciousness is forerunner,and art can give the subject full imagination and transcendence.We should first awaken the individual subject’s revolutionary consciousness in the field of consciousness through the art revolution,and then people form a free man’s union.In the end,Practicing revolution realizes the liberation of people.Marcuse deeply reflected and criticized the phenomenon of comprehensive alienation in developed industrial society,and tried to seek a new path for human liberation from the field of ideology,which embodied humanistic care.However,he one-sidedly understands the nature of human beings and ignores the social nature of human beings.He believes that the proletariat has lost its revolutionary nature.He hopes to achieve human liberation from the realm of consciousness through a utopian artistic revolution,and it is inevitable that he will eventually fall into utopianism.From the perspective of historical materialism,to a certain extent,this emancipation path ignores the fundamental role of social existence for social consciousness.Nevertheless,Marcuse’s ideological theory still has theoretical and practical value for China’s modernization in the new era.On the one hand,my country should not only attach importance to scientific and technological innovation,but also be alert to technological rationality,adhere to the people-oriented development concept,and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.