| Habermas’ theory of social evolution has been dealing with the problems that can be caused by convenient interpersonal communication and scientific and technological progress since the 1970 s,so we study the reason and logic of his reconstruction of social evolution theory,which can provide certain theoretical guidance for the construction of moral norms in the process of economic development in contemporary society.In fact,Habermas proposed to reconstruct the theory of social evolution.First of all,he saw that behind the rapid development of science and technology,there had been the phenomenon that the technical reason had covered the value reason,and science and technology might eventually be alienated into the dominant power of society.Secondly,he believes that Marx’s historical materialism has been misunderstood as economic determinism for a long period of time after continuous interpretation.The purpose of his reconstruction of social evolution theory is to revise the historical materialism which has been ossified and applied by later generations,so the starting point is positive.But in terms of its content,there is still a prejudice against Marxism,unable to understand the humanistic connotation of Marx,and ultimately deviated from the basic ideas of Marx.As researchers,we should treat Habermas’ theory of social evolution dialectically on the premise of restoring the real Marxist historical materialism.This paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter explores the historical background and ideological source of Habermas’ reconstruction of social evolution theory.Capitalist society has entered the stage of state monopoly,the welfare system is basically perfect,and the democratic system has also achieved considerable development.In contrast,Marxist theory has been made arbitrary conclusion and application by some scholars.So Habermas began to reconstruct the theory of social evolution after absorbing Marx’s theory of historical materialism and the thoughts of early western Marx scholars.The second chapter analyzes Habermas’ reconstruction methods and paths.Habermas uses the methods of structuralism,linguistics and ontogenesis to reconstruct the theory of social evolution,focusing on the relationship between subject,subject and society,subject and object in social evolution.On the logical course,habermas firstly concluded that the concept of social labor applicable scope is too narrow,so he on the communicative action theory for the reconstruction of historical materialism is the real cornerstone to critical technical-economic determinism trap,again through the establishment on the basis of equality and freedom to understand each other’s intersubjectivity,implementation subject and opposing reconciliation.The third chapter discusses the content and characteristics of Habermas’ social evolution theory after reconstruction.Habermas thought that the motive force of social evolution should be the learning mechanism;The dividing basis of social form should be the social organization principle which contains the subject value rationality.The main feature of Habermas’ social evolution theory lies in its emphasis on communicative rationality and intersubjectivity.In the end,this paper tries to draw lessons from Habermas’ theory of social evolution reconstruction,to absorb his meaningful methods and thoughts from the contemporary society,and to expatiate the possibility of solving the world stock crisis on the basis of adapting to the current society and caring about the social reality. |
