Study On Zizek’s Ideological Criticism Of Cynicism

Zizek critically absorbed the quintessence of Marx’s ideological critical thinking and combined,with Lacan’s psychoanalytic theory and Slottique’s critique of rationality,and then he constructed his own unique cynicism ideological critical theory.On the basis of detailed historical investigations,he divided ideology into three types: free ideology,self-owned ideology and self-contained ideology.On which he based,he carried on a thorough analysis and criticism.Zizek’s critique of cynicism ideology uses,commodity fetishism as the starting point and reveals that there is a mutual relationship between commodity exchange and cynicism ideology,that is,although the participants and cynics of commodity exchange are not fetishism on the level of "knowing",they are the true fetishism on the level of practice.The cynics subject recognizes the distance between the ideological mask and the reality,and also understands the hidden special interests behind it,but they can still find the excuse to retain the mask.This cynicism ideology has two paradigms,namely political cynicism and consumerism.Zizek pointed out that the traditional concept of ideology and its corresponding "critical reading" critique programhas been powerless in the face of "cynicism".This is because there is a blind spot in the "traditional" ideological theory and they always regard ideology as a "false consciousness" of social existence.In this way,the purpose of the traditional ideological criticism is to expose the ideology of falsity and absurdity,but it cannot explain that ideology itself has become a kind of “social existence”and has also become the “unconscious illusion” of constructing “reality”.The cynical rationality has led us to fail to reach the level of ideological illusion.In this case,Zizek introduced the distinction between signs and illusions to show that we are not yet in a post-ideological society and analyzed the operational mechanisms of the new ideology.It reveals that there is nothing behind "phantom",which only works by manipulating "desire" and "pleasure".Zizek’s critique of the cynicism ideology has an important epochal value.He introduced the concept of psychoanalysis to the analysis of ideological issues,thus viewing ideology as a “social existence” and breaking through the traditional way of thinking.At the same time,it also has practical significance for the cynicism in Chinese society.However,Zizek’s theory also has certain limitations.On the one hand,he only revealed and analyzed the cynicism ideology itself,but he did not mention how to get out of the predicament of cynicism.On the other hand,He declared "return to Marx," but he has Lacanized Marx,thus neglecting the historical and social dimensions of Marxism.