Research On The Legal Issues Of The Regulation Of Universal Postal Service In China

The postal service is an important public service of the country.As an important part of postal service,universal postal service plays an important role in realizing the equalization of public service.The UPU convention clearly states that states have an obligation to protect citizens’ right to communicate.The constitution and the postal law of the People’s Republic of China have made specific provisions to guarantee citizens’ right of communication.As the basic service provided by the state to citizens,the universal postal service embodies the characteristics of convenience,low price and connection with thousands of households.It realizes the integration of information flow,capital flow and logistics.In the era of information technology,it also plays an irreplaceable role and undertakes an important communication service guarantee.China’s postal industry reform began with the postal system reform program passed by the state council in 2005.In 2009,the state amended the postal law,of which 2/3 of the provisions provided universal postal service,laying the legal foundation for separating government from enterprises and fulfilling the obligations of universal postal service.New revision of the Postal Law running for 10 years,has experienced a slight revision,successively in the postal charges and prefecture-level postal regulatory system improved,the development of universal postal service provide strong support,but Postal Law in 2009 based on enterprise and government run together of the time,when the enterprise just separate,legislative idea and train of thought has certain limitations,now part of the law seriously lagging behind the time,part of the stipulation is doctrinal,regulation of interoperability is less operative,postal franchise in legislation and postal universal service fund can not be set until now,The development of universal postal service has been seriously disturbed.The supervision of the guarantee measures of universal postal service is almost blank,and it is impossible to effectively supervise the usage direction and efficiency of the enterprise subsidies.Due to the lack of effective means in guarantee policy,the implementation of postal facilities planning,the reduction and exemption of tolls and taxes for special vehicles for universal postal service are all stipulated in the policy,so the operation cost is too high that the operation is nearly not possible in reality.The existing system of the State Post Bureauas national-provincial-municipal postal universal service supervision force needs to be strengthened.Under such background,how to strengthen the supervision of universal postal service quality to improve service efficiency,strengthen the supervision of universal postal service guarantee policy to safeguard the rights and interests of citizens using postal services is a problem to be solved in the reform of universal postal service in China.Therefore,it is urgent to strengthen the guarantee and supervision of universal postal service,improve the top-level design of universal postal service,and further promote the rule of law construction of universal postal service.This paper is mainly divided into four parts:The first part introduces the basic situation of the legal supervision of the universal postal service,including the concept,scope,nature and implementation status of the universal postal service,so as to clarify the characteristics of the universal postal service,and then explains the legislative situation and regulatory system of the universal postal service.The second part is combined with the postal system reform since the problem of universal postal service regulation law in our country,from the supervision of universal postal service and the regulation of the universal postal service two aspects,expounded current status of China’s postal universal service laws and regulations,such as legislative defects,interoperability is not strong,and the universal postal service all sorts of problems that exist in the regulatory system.The third part is to analyze and compare the legal system construction and supervision of universal postal service in foreign countries,and provide reference for the legislation of universal postal service in China.The fourth part puts forward suggestions on the legal supervision of the universal postal service in China from the aspects of the guarantee of the universal postal service,the improvement of the service quality and the supervision system,so as to solve the problems encountered in the current supervision of the universal postal service in China.In conclusion,this article from the universal postal service laws and regulations,improvement of the universal postal service safeguard mechanism,establish a strong regulatory system and so on,puts forward Suggestions to China’s postal universal service regulation law,in order to improving the quality of universal postal service,improve the efficiency of supervision,fully protect the right and the interest of citizen mail effectively,enhance the level of universal postal service equalization.