A Study On Individual Needs For Ideological And Political Education

Needs are the important motive force of human behavior activities,and the needs for ideological and political education which are among these various needs are the important motive force for people to accept ideological and political education.Human beings exist in diverse forms in society such as the individual existence,the group existence and the class existence.And the individual existence which is the most basic form of human existence is also the most basic educational unit of ideological and political education.Different from the needs for ideological and political education of the group and the society,the individual needs for ideological and political education have their own unique connotations.The needs are the dependence and requirement of individuals to maintain their own existence,continuation and development with several basic characteristics such as the unity of the quality of life and politic,spontaneity and consciousness,individual and society,theory and practice,diversity and unity,and with several main forms such as the need of basic and advanced,realistic and future,obvious and recessive,dominant and subordinate,reasonable and unreasonable.As special spiritual needs,the individual needs for ideological and political education are playing a more and more important role in people’s live as socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era and people’s needs for a better life are ever-growing.The individual needs for ideological and political education are a complex system with rich connotations,multi-dimensions,multi-directions and multi-levels,and has important realistic roots.As a life existence,the individual needs to solve contradictions between human and nature via ideological and political education so as to realize the pursuit of "ecological man".As a social existence,the individual needs to solve contradictions between people and society,and between people,so as to achieve the harmony of "social people" via ideological and political education.As a spiritual existence,the individual needs to solve contradictions between themselves via ideological and political education,so as to pursue the realm of "people who has belief".From the perspective of dimension,the individual needs for ideological and political education include self-orientation needs for their own purposes,other-orientation needs for others’ purposes and interactivity needs for communication purposes.From the perspective of direction,the needs include ideological needs,psychological needs,political needs,moral needs and legal needs.From the perspective of hierarchy,the needs include cognitive needs,emotional needs,value needs,ability needs,volition needs and belief needs.Thus there is a three-dimensional,multi-dimensional and comprehensive system of individual needs for ideological and political education.This theoretical construction of the individual needs system can help us better reflect on reality,discover and solve problems.However,it should be noted that this system is ideal,and the real needs may not follow this theoretical model exactly.The individual needs for ideological and political education have three basic actual states: "the need of objective existence","the need of fact generation" and "the need of self-consciousness ".The first means that the need does not depend on human’s will.It may not come into being now,but will come into being eventually.The second means that the need is already produced.The last means that the individual is aware of the need,no matter the need is “objective existence”,“fact generation”or both.The real individual needs for ideological and political education are the unity of the three states,among which the "self-consciousness" is the key.Viewing the reality,we can find that most individuals’ needs for ideological and political education are "objective existence" and "fact generation",but not realize "self-consciousness".The "self-consciousness" here not only refers to the cognition of the needs,but also the identification.The actual problems about the individual needs for ideological and political education are also put forward based on this situation.These problems mainly include four aspects as following: the consciousness of the need to be enhanced,the level to be improved,the contents to be enriched,the satisfaction to be initiative,which means the the negative state of the individual needs on the whole.These problems are not only related to China’s stage of social and historical development,but also the property and the subject of ideological and political education itself.In face of these problems,we advocate using systematic and holistic thinking to seek the realistic paths to optimize individual needs for ideological and political education.This optimization is systematic,including the consciousness,contents,levels and satisfaction of need,which not only meets the existing needs,but also guides the high-level needs,corrects the false needs and motivates the independent needs.When optimizing,we should adhere to the principles of the unity of dominance and subjectivity,direction and progress,universality and particularity,immediacy and development.Thus we focus on four terms to explore the specific paths of optimization in order to improve the current situation of individual needs for ideological and political education and promote the realization of the free and all-round development of people: arouse the self-consciousness of subject so as to collect cohesion to optimize,strengthen the construction of connotation so as to highlight the needs’ attributes,focus on the process so as to make good use of the media,overall systematic construction so as to improve the field where the needs produce.