| The community is the basic unit of public service and public product supply,and it is also the micro foundation of state governance.The advent of a global risk society has made urban operating systems increasingly complex.Older communities have a higher probability of various risks and disasters due to their higher physical and social vulnerability,and community fire prevention and rescue are particularly important.The problems of fire control in old communities stem from inherent factors such as irrational building planning,aging infrastructure,and inadequate supporting equipment;on the other hand,there is no mature property management in most old communities,residents lack public awareness and Risk prevention awareness and other factors.It is difficult to meet the growing public safety needs of residents by solving the fire management dilemma of the old communities and relying solely on the government’s single subject “big package”.It is necessary to find a bottom-up selfgovernance that mobilizes and encourages residents to participate mode.This article takes the typical old communities in cities as the research object,and uses literature research and logical induction methods to conclude that the key factors affecting the fire vulnerability of old communities are the population structure,building construction structure and community environment;in social capital On the basis of related theories such as public product supply,multi-center governance,etc.,it analyzes the various methods of fire management in the old community,and points out that any single governance method or mechanism is not a panacea,and it cannot solve all the problems in community fire control.With the help of Eleanor Ostrom’s self-governance theory and the reality of the old communities in China,this paper proposes an analytical framework for self-governance in fire protection,that is,residents can achieve autonomy by confirming needs,autonomous organization,mutual supervision and service governance.In view of the diversity and complexity of the current fire protection business in the old communities and the lack of residents’ own capabilities,the effective operation of self-governance requires the support of multiple subjects,namely the authorization and cultivation of local governments,the support of community neighborhood committees,and the change in the role of professional firefighters. |
