Research On The Remaining Problems Of Marx’s "Machine Theory Fragment" And Its Contemporary Response ——Take Game Labor As An Example

Marx pointed out in Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858 that with the development of "general intelligence",the time spent in labor will be increasingly out of proportion to the value of labor products.He sees this disproportion as a harbinger of capitalism’s demise.If the capitalist continues to maintain or even increase working hours after this disproportion occurs,it will result in overproduction.The emergence of overproduction crisis will become the objective starting point of proletarian revolution.When the proletarian revolution is completed,labor time will no longer be a measure of wealth,and workers will no longer be forced to do surplus labor.And highly developed productivity can further reduce the necessary labor hours of workers.This allows workers to spend more time in free activities,known as liberation.Although "general intelligence" is highly developed today,Marx’s prediction about "general intelligence" bringing people’s liberation has not come true.However,this section of the manuscript has triggered a lot of thinking by later scholars,but it failed to explain the reason why Marx’s prediction did not come true.Therefore,it is still a theoretical task to analyze the reasons for the failure of Marx’s prophecy and to try to explore new ideas of human emancipation.It is necessary to analyze and observe the new form of capitalist production to make an in-depth study on why the prophecy of manuscript failed to come true.In the change of capitalist mode of production,the most obvious is the sudden rise of cultural industry.Among them,electronic games,a typical product of cultural industry,have entered the daily life of most people.The analysis of game labor in video game industry includes two parts: value production and life political production.In the analysis of value production of game labor,the following conclusions can be drawn: in the production of cultural industries such as video game industry,there are many factors of production that cannot be quantified by labor time,so the value of products cannot be quantified by labor time,nor can they be compared with labor time.Without comparison,the main premise of the "machine theory fragment" prediction--that the development of "general intelligence" brings about a disproportionate amount of labor time to the value it creates--loses its meaning.Working on the game analysis of the political life of production can be concluded that capitalism in a comprehensive grasp the living production and non-production time,directly killed out of capitalist production of the possibility of the existence of free time at the same time,continuously produce consumer demand,so as to avoid its own crisis of overproduction.