The Democratic Model Of Paris Commune And Its Realistic Enlightenment

151 years ago,the Paris Commune’s exploration of democratic practice touched on the core issue of socialist democratic political development,that is,how to realize the people as masters of the country.For us today,the democratic model of the Paris Commune still has important practical significance for the socialist democratic political construction.This paper aims to explore the democratic model of Paris Commune and provide some useful enlightenment for the development of socialist democratic politics in contemporary China.In addition to the introduction,the paper includes three parts:The first part is to trace the ideological origin of the democratic model of Paris commune.First of all,the Paris Commune reasonably inherited Locke’s idea that the highest power belongs to the people,and realized that only when workers really enjoyed universal suffrage and the right to be elected could elections be authentic and thorough.In addition,the Paris Commune actively absorbed Rousseau’s idea of sovereignty in the people and direct democracy,and believed that comprehensive direct democracy should be carried out,and public servants should be elected by all the people with one vote.Secondly,the Paris Commune in 1871 mainly borrowed from the Paris Commune founded in 1792 in terms of electoral scope and political organization form,and carried forward its democratic revolutionary tradition.Finally,the Paris Commune applied and absorbed Marx’s idea of true democracy,established a commune that truly represented the interests of the people through the dictatorship of the proletariat,and recovered the state power and returned these powers to the society.The second part is the basic content and practice reflection of the democratic model of Paris Commune.The democratic principles of the Paris Commune include the dictatorship of the proletariat,the unity of discussion and action,the equality of rights,the combination of direct democracy and indirect democracy.Among them,the Paris Commune,through the democratic principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat,freed the Parisian people from the situation of slavery and oppression;Through the democratic principle of "unity of discussion and action",the committee for building communes eliminated the falsity and privacy of administrative power under the separation of powers.Ensuring equality before the law through the principle of equality of rights;Through the democratic principle of combining direct and indirect democracy,the Parisian people are fully involved in the affairs of state administration.In addition,the Paris Commune implemented the universal election system,the people’s supervision system,recall and replace system,cheap government and laws and regulations system all show the practical achievements of the proletariat in the construction of the national political system,so that the people’s dominant position has been truly highlighted.In the practice of reflecting on the democratic model of Paris Commune,we find that there are some deficiencies in the democratic model itself.For example,the relationship between democracy and dictatorship has not been properly handled,thus giving the enemy a chance to adjust their breathing space and launch a counter-offensive.The relationship between democracy and centralism was not well handled,and the commune lacked leadership core and authority,leading to disunity within the commune.The third part discusses the realistic enlightenment of the democratic model of Paris commune.The practice of the democratic model of Paris commune shows that the essence and core of democracy is that the people are the masters of the country.To this end,we need to strengthen democracy at the grassroots level and ensure the people’s right to supervise elections.We will also deepen reform of the administrative system and build a diligent,thrifty and clean government.More importantly,we should attach great importance to the correct centralization of democracy while practicing extensive democracy.To this end,on the one hand,we must adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party and carry out the Party’s democratic centralism;On the other hand,we should firmly support the "two principles".