Comparative Research On Interdisciplinary Training For Graduate Students In Chinese And American Research Universities

As the world political and economic situation changes,the problem human society has to deal with also become increasingly complicated.The depth-like development of traditional disciplines cannot meet the new requirements of social transition in the new period any longer It is interdisciplinary talents with multidisciplinary knowledge and ability that is on demand now.Therefore,the importance of interdisciplinary,also promotes the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents to mature.Research universities are the main force of higher education is the main body of knowledge creation,responsible for conveying high quality talents for the society,create advanced scientific research achievements and the burden of providing social services.Compared with the traditional graduate education,interdisciplinary postgraduate education is featured as diverse knowledge,problem-oriented and collaborative innovation Inner demands for the knowledge,the external drive of social development,the important path of university development,and graduate students all-round development of deep need have become the most important driver of interdisciplinary graduate students cultivation.As the main force of higher education and the main body of knowledge creation,research universities are responsible for conveying high quality talents for the society,creating advanced scientific research achievements and providing social services.In response to new requirements for personnel training put forward by the state and society,research universities is under a continuous reform of interdisciplinary graduate education,striving to cultivate the comprehensive innovation ability of interdisciplinary talents.There are both achievements and shortages.Our university need to draw lessons from foreign mature experience in this field.This study analyzed the cross-graduate training mechanism of Chinese and American subjects in accordance with the four-step method.First,the study reviews and summarizes the past and present situation of abroad and domestic interdisciplinary training for graduate students.America carried out interdisciplinary training for graduate students in earlier years.The training modes have several characteristics,for example,they were paid high attention by the department of national strategy and got policy and system safeguard.Also,they take diversification strategy in the cultivation and achieve effective results.Based on the past and current situation of interdisciplinary training for graduate students and considering the cultivating course and its characteristics,we can divide interdisciplinary training for graduate students into five types,which involve:Interdisciplinary recruiting mode which is featured by students themselves;Curriculum learning mode which is featured by knowledge diversity;Project research mode which is problem-oriented;Double degrees mode which is based on social needs;Interdisciplinary degree mode which is featured by the substantial interdisciplinary integration.These five modes have different forms and contents,generating paths,main characteristics,and ranges of application.The study selects four typical cross-graduate programs in China and the United States.After the comparative analysis,we conclude that our universities made progress in interdisciplinary training for graduate students in recent years,but because of the inveterate cultivating ideas and rigid professionalization-oriented cultivating structure,our universities are inevitably confronted with many deficiencies in the process of graduate training transformation,such as blocks in system,organization and support.Finally,based on our country’s national condition,the study uses American mature experience for reference and build a research university interdisciplinary graduate cultivation mechanism concept model.The model has four main dimensionality,which are training target,enrollment system,training modes and quality evaluation,and one supporting conditions.In order to solve the practical problems,this model has guiding significance on research university interdisciplinary graduate education.