Evaluation And Analysis Of Jobs-housing Balance Along Urban Rail Transit In Chongqing

With the rapid development of economy,the original economic system and social system have been unable to adapt to the current development speed,and China’s big cities,especially megacities,are facing economic transformation and urban space reconstruction and other changes.In this process of reform,due to the influence of urban planning,industrial transfer,service facility matching difference,population migration and other factors,the housing and employment space for urban residents has changed dramatically,which is mainly reflected in the increased spatial distance between the place of employment and the place of residence,which leads to the increase of people’s commuting time and cost,as well as the increasing commuting pressure and imbalance of occupational and residential space.Environmental pollution,traffic congestion,housing supply and other problems accompany the imbalance of occupation and housing,which greatly reduces the livable quality and living quality of cities.The transportation system is an important link and commuting method connecting people’s employment place and residence place,among which the rail transit has become the main framework of the public transportation system in big cities and megacities.According to relevant studies,rail transit is of great importance to solving the problem of road traffic congestion and to coordinating the development of occupational and residential space.Therefore,from the perspective of rail transit,this paper discusses the distribution of job-housing balance and related influencing factors in the main urban areas of Chongqing,which is also an important way to solve the problem of job-housing balance.This paper takes Chongqing as an example.Firstly,based on the kernel density two-step floating catchment area series method and threshold value of occupation and residence,this paper explores the characteristics of job-housing balance in the areas along the track of line 1 and line 3 in the main urban area of Chongqing,and presents the spatial visualization from the street to the regional level by using GIS technology.Meanwhile,it analyzed data of questionnaire through three threshold values of time,distance and administration.Secondly,through questionnaire survey and field visits to obtain people commute along the orbit data and land use data,further the influencing factors of job-housing commuter,using the multiple linear regression model to analyze the micro level of individual properties and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to analyze the attributes of the macro environment to research main influencing factors,establish track along the accessibility of the regional environmental assessment system,based on the analysis results related optimization suggestions,such as the optimized matching spatial development,improving the employment,strengthing living guide and commuter conditions,etc.The main conclusions are as follows: on the whole,job-housing balance in the regions along the rail track of Chongqing is better than the average level.However,there are still rail transit users with excessive commutes,which indicates that the imbalance of employment and housing exists in the main urban areas of Chongqing and the commuting services of rail transit need to be improved urgently.In the analysis of job accessibility,the mismatch of employment opportunities exists in the main urban areas of Chongqing.Although industrial clusters(job centers)have a good job-housing balance and abundant employment opportunities,they have not formed a positive interaction with the working-age population in other areas,and some streets have poor employment satisfaction.In terms of location difference,the job-housing balance of the central city is better than that of the edge of the main city.On the latter area,the population is scattered,and the land area is large.From the perspective of social groups,the occupant’s job-housing balance is higher than that of the employed,the female’s job-housing balance is better than that of the male,the married is better than the unmarried and so on.In line comparison,LRT line 1 has better balance than LRT line 3.This shows that it is necessary to optimize the design ideas of rail transit,job-housing guide and the surrounding facilities.