Performance Management-The Role Of Feedback And Goal Orientation

The positive effect of feedback on performance has become a widely accepted principle in psychology,which is widely used in the research of learning,sports and organizational behavior and the practical application of performance improvement.However,there is no unified conclusion about the effect of different forms of feedback on performance.Based on the feedback theory,this paper analyzes the influence of different feedback forms.In organizational practice,individual characteristics and situational factors are closely linked.Different feedback methods and individual variables may have interaction,which together affect internal regulation mechanism and performance.At present,most of the academic research focuses on the relationship between different feedback and performance,and less on the interaction between feedback and individual variables.This paper selects achievement goal orientation(learning goal orientation,performance goal orientation)as the main individual characteristics,and discusses the interaction between goal orientation and feedback valence,goal orientation and feedback object on performance.Based on cognitive evaluation theory and self-determination theory,this study proposes the main effects of feedback valence and feedback objects on performance,and proposes the interaction between achievement goal orientation(learning goal orientation and performance goal orientation)and feedback(feedback valence and feedback objects)in combination with achievement motivation theory,so as to construct a theoretical model and put forward research hypotheses.This study assumes that positive feedback in feedback valence positively affects performance;task feedback in feedback object positively affects performance;learning goal orientation and negative feedback interact with performance;performance goal orientation and positive feedback interact with performance;learning goal orientation and task feedback interact with performance;performance goal orientation and competence feedback interact with performance.In order to improve the generality of the research results in different situations,we conducted research 1 and research 2 in school and company situations to test the hypothesis of this paper.In Study 1,223 students were selected as the research objects,and in Study 2,303 employees were selected as the research objects.The results support the main effects of feedback valence and objects on task performance and the negative interaction between negative feedback and performance goal orientation.However,the positive interaction between negative feedback and learning goal,and the interaction between feedback object and achievement goal orientation are not supported.The impact of feedback on individuals is a complex process.Some scholars have proposed that more basic research is needed in the mechanism of feedback on performance.This study chooses achievement goal orientation as the main individual characteristics,and provides support for feedback related research from the individual perspective.In addition,this paper designed a questionnaire study in organizational context,which broadened the research field of feedback and achievement goal orientation.The interaction between individual achievement goal orientation and feedback has not been effectively verified in this study.We suggest that it may be related to the choice of performance indicators and the insufficient manipulation of experiments,which provides some enlightenment for future research.