| Under the background of the gradual disappearance of China’s demographic dividend and the sharp adjustment of the internal structure of the floating population,it has become the main value orientation of the government’s public policy at the present stage to take "employment first" as the orientation to improve the stability of employment and make enterprises transfer profits to laborers.Then,under the stage of "lewis turning point" in China,can employment stability improve the income level of workers? Can we improve the income discrimination of disadvantaged groups? In this paper,we will make a scientific assessment from the perspective of efficiency and fairness.This paper makes a detailed statistical analysis and empirical test of the current employment stability and income distribution of floating population from a micro perspective based on the sample data,and gives corresponding policy Suggestions based on the empirical results.The following conclusions are drawn: first,OLS regression results show that under the control of other characteristic factors,stable employment will increase the average monthly salary of workers by 14.1%;The result of the propensity score matching method shows that after the positive "selectivity bias" is eliminated,the premium effect decreases to 8.9%,but it is still significant.Second,employment stability has a significant promoting effect on the return rate of the current year of employment and the training status.In summary,it shows that the premium effect of employment stability includes the economic effect of improving the return rate of specialized human capital and the segmentation effect of labor market.Third,the internal employment stability of state-owned enterprises has a significant positive premium effect on the income of workers.However,in non-state-owned enterprises,due to the risk and other characteristics of the jobs,employers will give certain monetary compensation to the workers with unstable employment,so there is no significant premium effect on employment stability.Fourth,stable employment can alleviate the problem of price discrimination in disadvantaged groups to a certain extent.Under the sample of unstable employment and stable employment,the effect of gender price discrimination reaches 35.5% and 24.4% respectively.The price discrimination effect of household registration is about 8.9% in the former,while there is no significant difference in the latter,which indicates that employment stability can play a restrictive role on gender or household registration inequality to a certain extent through contract regulation,thus contributing to the construction of harmonious and stable employment relations.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy Suggestions: first,continue to promote the implementation progress of the labor contract law,and pay attention to the establishment of the negotiation and game mechanism between labor and capital,so as to prevent the risk that some provisions are out of touch with the reality;Second,eliminate the phenomenon of labor market segmentation,discrimination and institutional barriers,accelerate the process of labor market urban-rural integration,and improve the level of social security and welfare of the floating population;Third,we will strengthen effective supervision over the employment of enterprises and standardize their employment procedures.Fourth,strengthen the support to the cost-sensitive small and medium-sized private enterprises,expand the employment protection of workers;Fifth,to deepen the legal knowledge of labor law education,while strengthening vocational skills training,improve the level of human capital;Sixth,establish and improve the labor market supporting measures,improve and innovate the labor employment information transmission mechanism,to provide workers with reliable and effective employment information services. |
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