Research On The Current Situation And Of Parents’ Parenting Competence In Urban Second Child Families

The implementation of the "full two-child" policy will inevitably lead to an increase in the number and size of the population and changes in the social structure.At the same time,changes in the family structure will also lead to changes in parental parenting concepts and methods.Parenting competence is a kind of belief that parents have about their parenting ability and behavior in the process of parenting.Their level of parenting competence reflects the parental ability of parenting,and it also affects the formation of children’s good personality and healthy development.Based on the family system theory and social support system theory,this paper takes the parents of two-child families in Y District of Chongqing as the research object,mainly adopts the questionnaire method,and adopts the Parental Parenting Competency Scale for the parental efficacy and parental efficacy of two-child families.Conducted a survey on the current situation of parenting competence in terms of satisfaction;supplemented by the interview method,conducted in-depth interviews with five parents of two-child families to further explore the issues of parenting concepts and behaviors of two-child families;Investigate the status of social support to reveal the key factors that affect parents ’parenting competence and make appropriate recommendations.The survey results show that:(1)Y area the second child parents parenting feeling of competence in the medium level,social support in a moderate level,the level of objective support is better at average level,but the subjective support and the support with low scores,at below average levels,it remains to be further enhance its overall level of social support.(2)there was a significant positive correlation between parents’ sense of parenting competence and social support level,in which the parents’ sense of parenting competence was significantly correlated with each dimension of social support,and social support was significantly correlated with each dimension of parenting competence.The more help parents of second child get from friends,family or other people in the process of raising their children,the more confidence they gain in the process of raising their children,and the higher their level of parenting competence.(3)the overall scores of parenting competence and parenting efficacy of the second-child fathers were higher than those of the mothers,with no significant difference in satisfaction.(4)young second-child parents have a lower sense of parenting competence,while parents of two children with an age difference of 0-3 years have a lower sense of parenting competence,that is,the younger the age difference between children,the lower the sense of parenting competence.(5)educational background is in direct proportion to the level of parenting competence of the parents of the second child.The higher the educational background,the higher the parenting competence of the parents of the second child.(6)both occupation and working time have a significant impact on the sense of parenting competence of parents of the second child.The work of parents of the second child with a high score of the sense of parenting competence is mainly mental work and the working time is relatively short.(7)the better the economic status of the two-child family,the higher the parents’ sense of child-rearing competence.On this basis,this paper analyzes the problems and reasons of second-child parents’ sense of parenting competence from subjective and objective perspectives.The parents of the second child cannot reasonably balance the relationship between work and child-rearing,which leads to the increase of child-rearing pressure and anxiety.Second child parents’ lack of subjective awareness of social support and insufficient social support for second child families affect the level of parenting competence of second child parents.Accordingly,in order to further improve the level of parenting competence,the following suggestions are proposed from the three levels of family,society and kindergarten: parents of two children should enrich their knowledge and experience of parenting through informal learning and improve their cultural literacy;pay attention to children’s behavior Behind the psychological changes,establish a good parent-child relationship;reasonably balance the relationship between family upbringing and work;enhance the subjective awareness of seeking support,and work together to promote the healthy growth of children;society should use the advantages of the community to carry out various forms of child care guidance services;Increase the supply of educational resources to provide appropriate parenting guidance for parents of second children;should play a leading role,often communicate information with parents of children,pay special attention to the psychological changes of children,find problems in time and give targeted education suggestions.upbringing and work;enhance the subjective awareness of seeking support and work together to promote the healthy growth of children;Carry out various forms of parenting guidance services;increase the supply of educational resources to provide appropriate parenting guidance for parents of second children;should play a leading role,often communicate information with parents of children,pay special attention to the psychological changes of children,find problems in time and give Targeted education suggestions.