A Study On The Differences And Influencing Factors Between The Parenting Styles Of The First Child And The Second Child By Parents Of Two-Child Families

Parenting styles are critical to child development.With the implementation of the national birth policy,the two-child family has become an indispensable family type.Existing studies pay less attention to the differences in parenting styles of different children within two-child families,and pay attention to the differences in parenting styles within families,which can find parenting support and risk-avoiding parenting behaviors suitable for children’s development in comparison,and help the personalized parenting and diversified development of children in two-child families.This study focuses on the parenting styles of parents in two-child families,investigates the basic situation of parents of two-child families on the parenting styles of first-born and second-child,analyzes the differences in parenting styles and their influencing factors in two-child families,provides support for improving the quality of family parenting,and enriches the research on parenting styles of two-child families.In this study,parents of two-child families in 8kindergartens in Guilin were taken as the research subjects,14 two-child families who participated in the questionnaire survey were selected to conduct in-depth interviews,and Data analysis is carried out using a hybrid approach that combines quantification and quality,the results of the study are as follows:First,parents of two-child families tend to use authoritative parenting methods for the first child and the second child,and the scores of each dimension are different.Second,there are differences in the parenting styles of the first child and second child.The second child has significant differences in the authoritative parenting style of the father,mainly focusing on the warmth dimension.There are differences in the parent’s authoritarian parenting style for the first child,mainly focusing on the dimensions of physical coercion and verbal hostility.The parental differential authoritative and total disparities in parenting styles of parents in two-child families were significantly different.The consistency of parents’ parenting styles for the first child and the second child are different,but the difference is not significant.There is no difference in the parenting style of the first child and the second child by parents of two-child families in terms of the sex of the child.Third,the age of the second child,companionship time,and marital satisfaction are the factors influencing the differences in parenting styles of the first child by parents of two-child families.Chaos,parents’ educational background,and the sibling age gap are the factors influencing the differences in the parenting style of the second child by parents of two-child families.Fourth,the characteristics of children(individual characteristics of the second child,the characteristics of the eldest child,the characteristics of the composition of the sibling),the characteristics of parents(the individual characteristics of the parents,the parenting experience and expectations),and the characteristics of the family and social environment(family economy,family type,chaos)are the reasons for the differences between the parenting styles of the first child and the second child by parents of two-child families.Finally,according to the research conclusions,four suggestions are put forward:Increase verbal encouragement and emotional interaction for the first child,and improve personalized parenting support for the second child;Respect the individual differences of children,balance companionship time,and love to deepen brotherhood among compatriots;Dynamically adjust children’s growth expectations and change mothers’ gender preference tendencies;Dedicated to managing marriage and creating a warm and orderly family environment.