Research On Ecological Support For Urban Two-child Families

Since the beginning of the 21st century,China’s birth rate has always been lower than15‰,far below the international warning line of 21‰.Although the long-term extremely low fertility rate alleviated the contradiction between the huge population size and the shortage of natural resources in the early period of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,it also led to many social problems such as the imbalance of population structure,the aging of population and the shortage of labor force.In order to avoid falling into the "low birth trap" in China,the national family planning department has promulgated the "two-child" policy.Through policy execution,although the birth rate in our country a brief rebound,but along with the accumulation during the period of "one-child" policy release population childbearing willing close to finished,our country’s birth rate dropped again,in2018,the birth rate has dropped to 10.9 ‰,the our country since the founding of the lowest birth rates,population structure has begun to appear "avalanche" of the state.At the same time,the number of second-born children in China was higher than that of one-child in 2017,which indicates that the reason behind the extremely low birth rate is not the low fertility desire of Chinese people,but the neglect of the construction of fertility support policy for multi-child families during the implementation of the "one child" policy for many years.The content of this study mainly includes the following five parts.First,it sorts out the ecosystem theory and gender division of labor theory to provide theoretical support for subsequent empirical studies.Secondly,A survey was designed to investigate the dilemma of second-child families in D county of A province in the actual child-rearing process.Thirdly,based on the obtained empirical data,this paper analyzes the causes of the parenting dilemma of two-child families in D county,province A;Finally,in view of the problems found in the empirical research,from the perspective of the ecosystem,from the small to the big,to improve the shortcomings of the current parenting ecosystem in China.The study found that,as the resource input system of the family in the process of child-rearing,the child-rearing ecosystem plays a decisive role in whether the family is willing to bear children and how many children to bear.Inadequate resources from community businesses and markets;Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the allocation of internal family resources,strengthen the input of external child-rearing resources and improve child-rearing laws and regulations,so as to build a sound child-rearing ecosystem,so as to achieve the effect of promoting urban families to have a second child.