Research On Institutional Change Of Professional Sports League In China

In 2014,the General Office of the State Council issued the document "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Sports Industry and Promoting Sports Consumption",which clearly pointed out: to promote the reform of professional sports,encourage the development of professional alliances,and gradually improve the maturity and standardization level of professional sports.At the same time,under the background of the professionalization of sports leagues,sports leagues in America,Europe and other countries are all going on the road of marketization and professionalization.However,with the transformation of economic system in China,the system of sports leagues is also in the process of transformation.Since China’s professional sports leagues have implemented "administrative monopoly type professional sports leagues" in the process of professionalization,the defects of league operation mechanism caused by the dissimilation of interests are the key to affect the development of the entire professional industry,and the imperfection of the league system directly leads to the lag of the evolution process of the league.Therefore,in the process of practicing the "separation of management and administration" of professional basketball,there will inevitably be many obstacles and lack of scientific basis.Therefore,it is imperative to further improve the alliance system and complete the transformation to the "market monopoly professional sports alliance" as soon as possible by analyzing the differences between China and the United States.In view of this,this article uses the path dependence theory and the system change theory to study the system change of professional sports leagues,deeply understands the essence and organizational characteristics of the league system in theory,and explores the characteristics presented in the development process of the league in practice by using the methods of documentation,expert consultation,system analysis and logic analysis,so as to seek and explore the "separation of management and management" and the system change in professional basketball,which is not only necessary,but also has certain practical application value.The research conclusion is as follows:1.The development of China’s competitive basketball can be divided into three stages according to the development characteristics and the changes of China’s economic system.They are: the establishment of A-League,the transition from A-League to CBA-League,and the beginning of the professionalization of CBA-League.2.At present,due to the change of our country’s economic system,the club is still in contact with the local sports bureau and other government departments in the process of transformation,so that the property rights are not clear enough.As a result,it cannot be fully commercialized in the operation process,resulting in some teams not being able to take responsibility for their own profits and losses and making blood on their own.There are many difficulties in actual operation.3.At present,the admission system of CBA league matches has changed from an open admission system to a closed admission system.In the open admission stage,competition results are the only assessment criteria for entering the league matches.The assessment criteria for the closed access phase are more comprehensive,with club performance,team property rights and reserve personnel training all becoming assessment criteria.4.As CBA league is still in the process of reform towards professionalism,there is no clear boundary on the attribution of players.As a result,players cannot circulate freely in the market like commodities,and the way of training reserve talents is relatively single.Most players still pass through the three-level training network system of amateur sports schools,local youth sports schools,club youth training and regular club members,which makes it difficult for outstanding players from other channels to obtain opportunities.5.With the transformation of China’s economic system,the support of sports industry policies and the continuous improvement of the overall environment,the market will become the main force to improve the development of professional sports in China.The change of government functions and the dynamic balance between the government and the market can help professional sports clarify property rights and break administrative monopoly,thus becoming a major boost to the development of professional sports in China.And put forward the following suggestions1.With regard to institutional changes,according to the path dependence theory,gradual institutional reforms should continue instead of radical reforms.In the process of reform,it is inappropriate to act too hastily,pay attention to coordinating the relations between all relevant parties,and avoid falling short because the steps are too big.2.In terms of club property rights,the influence of relevant government departments should be minimized.To ensure the corresponding rights of the market players,the government carries out macro-control on them so that the clubs can carry out self-hematopoiesis,self-management,self-restraint and self-development through the market.3.We should fully realize the relationship between the admission system of professional sports leagues and the regulation of the professional sports market,change the government’s regulation behavior to service behavior in essence,and standardize the professional sports market.Give full play to the guiding role of the market and give full play to the mechanism by which the market allocates resources.4.Clarify the property rights of professional athletes to make them free-flowing commodities in the market and become part of the club’s human capital.To carry out multi-channel training channels for athletes,to vigorously develop the path for college athletes to join professional leagues,to train professional players’ economic agents,and to speed up the construction of intermediary teams.5.To carry out corresponding legal regulation for the problems existing in the professional sports market in our country,and to manage the professional sports market in our country through laws and regulations,so as to improve the reform efficiency of the professional sports market in our country.