| American scholar J.I.Goodlad put forward five different levels of curriculum according to different curriculum subject consciousness,namely ideological curriculum,societal curriculum,instituational curriculum,instructional curriculum,and experiential curriculum.The teacher’s understanding of the curriculum is mainly embodied in the understanding of the formal curriculum and the operation stage of the dialogue with the curriculum according to the specific situation.Therefore,the teacher’s understanding of the curriculum is not only the premise of transforming the curriculum idea and plan into curriculum action,but also the process of generating the curriculum meanig between standardization and individuation.Due to the particularity of early childhood education gives the kindergarten curriculum great flexibility and autonomy,and the Guidelines for Kindergarten(Trial)(hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines)clearly points out that the education activities of the organization and implementation process should be the process of work creatively in light of the teacher,the teacher should be combining with the situation of class flexible and execution plan.This is bound to pose a new challenge to teachers’ understanding of the curriculum.Therefore,this study takes kindergarten teachers’ curriculum understanding as the starting point to understand the current situation of kindergarten teachers’ curriculum understanding,provide an optimal path for teachers’ curriculum understanding,and commit to improving the quality of teachers’ curriculum practice.Based on J.I.Goodlad’s theory of curriculum level,Philosophical hermeneutics and Marxist epistemology,this study examines philosophical hermeneutics by using Marxist epistemology,and redefines the orientation of understanding the unity of subject and object.Taking some kindergarten teachers in J City,Shandong Province as the research objects,this paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of teachers’ curriculum understanding by taking curriculum objectives,curriculum content,curriculum implementation and curriculum evaluation as the dimensions of investigation,and complementing and verifying each other through various methods such as questionnaire,interview,observation and text analysis.The survey found that there are mainly the following problems in kindergarten teachers’understanding of the curriculum: first,kindergarten teachers’ understanding of the curriculum is lagging behind,with the mark of the traditional curriculum view;The superficiality of curriculum understanding reflects the characteristics of lack of accuracy,contradiction and one-sidedness in the concrete understanding.Kindergarten teachers lack of consciousness in curriculum understanding;There is a disconnect between curriculum concept and curriculum action,the teacher’s claimed understanding of the curriculum is difficult to be reflected in practice.Analyze the reasons for the above problems,including the following three aspects: kindergarten teachers’ professional independent development literacy is weak,kindergarten teachers’ curriculum understanding professional support is insufficient,cultural factors and so on.According to the analysis of the problems and causes of kindergarten teachers’ curriculum understanding,the following concrete suggestions are put forward from three aspects of stimulating endogenous self-consciousness,improving exogenous professional support and optimizing teachers’ curriculum understanding environment:First of all,teachers should improve their self-awareness,and take the initiative to study and reflect on the basis of concrete practice,so as to enhance their professional self-development accomplishment and enhance their consciousness of curriculum understanding.Secondly,the support mechanism of kindergarten teachers’ curriculum understanding should be improved from the aspects of reasonable allocation of training resources,construction of curriculum understanding community and intervention of expert resources.Finally,the environment of teachers’ curriculum understanding should be optimized from the aspects of flexible curriculum management and guiding parents to establish correct educational concept with the help of the cooperation between family and kindergarten. |
