SEM Study On Influencing Factors Of Adolescent Physical Health In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Objective: Taking 13-15 year-old adolescent students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research object,the causal structural equation model of factors of influencing adolescent physical health was established based on structural equation theory,and the influencing factors were defined and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed.Methods: The data of this study acquired from the original data of "the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region students’ physique and health survey in 2019",and the questionnaire for acquiring relevant information was "2019 National Students’ Physique and Health Survey Questionnaire".SPSS software was used for statistical analysis,the current situation and difference of 13-15 year-old adolescents’ physical health were firstly analyzed.Then the causal prediction model of influencing factors of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region adolescent’ physical health was established by AMOS software,and the fitting degree of the model was verified.The factors of influencing adolescent physical health were analyzed finally quantitatively and qualitatively.Results:1.Body shape:Han male students were higher in height and weight than Mongolian male students,while Han female students were higher in height and lower in weight than Mongolian female students(P<0.05).2.Physical quality:Mongolian male students had better performance in pull-up and endurance running than Han ones;Han female students had better performance in speed,standing long jump,sit-up and endurance running than Mongolian ones,while Mongolian female students had better performance in sit-and-reach than Han ones(P<0.05).3.Physical function:The vital capacity and grip strength of Han male and female students were higher than those of Mongolian students(P<0.05).4.Mental health:The average score of psychological positive experience of Han male and female students were higher than that of Mongolian male and female students respectively;most male and female students had low risk of mental illness(P<0.05).5.Basic information of influencing factors:(1)Family factors:The proportions of parents in bachelor degree or above education level of male and female Han students were 29.7%,and 34.3%,and those of Mongolian were 31.1% and 29.0%,respectively;the proportions of male and female Han students’ parents who enjoyed taking part in physical exercise were 39.7%,42.1%,and those of Mongolian were 51.7% and54.5%.(2)School factors:Most adolescent students had 2-3 physical health classes every week,1-2 class-break exercises every day,1 sports meeting every school year and more than 8 classes in the classroom every day;while the proportions of male and female Han students who reflected that physical education classes were occupied occasionally by their school affairs were 37.7% and 32.1% respectively,and those of male and female Mongolian students were 40.9% and 37.4%.(3)Personal factors:More than half adolescent students had positive sports motivation;over 90% of students had the habit of eating breakfast and drinking milk.The proportions of male and female Han students who slept less than 6h were 76.5% and 67.2%,and those of Mongolian were 50.1%and 47.5%;the proportions of male and female Han students who did physical exercises between 0.5 and 1h were 50.8% and 53.8%,and those of Mongolian were 44.5% and 49.0%.(P<0.05).6.Model of influencing factors:(1)In the model of male students,the potential variables representing physical health were physical function,sports ability and mental health after revision;the potential variables representing influencing factors were family factors,school factors and personal factors.The indexes of model fitting absolute effect were as follows:Chi-square value=756.23(P<0.01),GFI=0.968,AGFI=0.955,NFI=0.920,TLI =0.918,CFI=0.935,RMSEA=0.041,and the model fitted well.In the model,the relationships among the three potential variables of physical health were shown as follows:the path coefficient of sports ability-to-physical function was 0.46,the path coefficient of physical function-to-mental health was 0.40.The relationships among the three potential variables of influencing factors were shown as follows:the path coefficient of family factors-to-school factors was 0.25,and the path coefficient of school factors-to personal factors was-0.67.The causal relationships among physical health and influencing factors were shown as follows:the path coefficients of school factors to athletic ability and physical function were-0.48 and-0.19 respectively,the path coefficient of family factors-to-mental health was 0.37,and the path coefficients of personal factors to athletic ability and mental health were 0.33 and 0.53,respectively.(2)In the model of female students,the potential variables representing physical health were body shape,body function,sports ability and mental health after revision.The potential variables representing influencing factors were family factors,school factors and personal factors.The indexes of the model fitting absolute effect were as follows:Chi-square value of 697.51(P<0.01),GFI=0.967,AGFI=0.954,NFI=0.909,TLI=0.903,CFI =0.923,RMSEA=0.046,and the model fitted well.In the model,the relationships among the four potential variables of physical health were as follows:the path coefficients of sports ability to physical function and body shape were 0.79 and-0.23,respectively;the relationships among the three potential variables of influencing factors were as follows:the path coefficients of family factors and school factors to personal factors were 0.28 and 0.33,respectively,The causal relationships among physical health and influencing factors were as follows:the path coefficients of family factors to body shape,physical function and mental health were 0.35,-0.20 and-0.12,respectively,and the path coefficient of personal factors to mental health was-0.35.Conclusion: 1.The influencing factors and their degree of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 13-15 year-old Han and Mongolian adolescents’ physical health was different in gender.2.In the SEM model of influencing factors of male physical health,physical health is influenced by family factors,school factors and personal factors,among which personal factors have the greatest influence;family factors and personal factors promote physical health,while school factors have negative effects on physical health.3.In the SEM model of influencing factors of female physical health,physical health is influenced by family factors,school factors and personal factors,among which personal factors and family factors have more influence on physical health.Family factors promote mental health and body shape,and have negative effects on physical function.While school factors have negative effects on sports ability and physical function of students.Personal factors have negative effects on students’ sports ability and mental health.