| The function of executive task mainly includes three core tasks:working memory,inhibition and control,and cognitive flexibility.It is a kind of high-level cognitive function that human beings have.Among them,work memory and inhibition control are the most basic and even the most important two functions.These three tasks are not completely independent of each other,but have a predictable effect on individual cognitive development and academic performance.They interact with each other and influence each other.Its development degree has an important influence on individual’s study,work,life and physical and mental health.According to relevant studies,it is found that physical exercise can improve children’s executive function.The earliest stage is to train children’s executive function at the age of 4-5.This stage is also the period in which the speed of improving children’s executive function is the fastest,that is,the critical period of development.Studies have shown that the age of 4 is an important turning point for inhibitory and control abilities,that is to say,the development of children’s executive function in this period has an important impact on their future healthy growth.Because of 4 to 5 years old children can choose what they participate in various sports activities are limited,and happy gymnastics by its own course,and the characteristics of the project,which is more suitable for children under the age of 4 to participate in various sports activities,happy gymnastics course pay more attention to the teaching content,professional life and fun,it not only preserved the essence of gymnastics with competitive gymnastics contrast characteristics and can satisfy the children’s nature.Its role is to promote the normal growth and health of the body of children,improve the level of its physical function,promote the physical health of school-age children in an all-round way,cultivate the excellent psychological quality of school-age children and other functions.The purpose of this study is to improve children’s executive function,and the intervention is based on the skill movements of Level 2 of "Happy Gymnastics Grade Exercise Standard".To explore the effect of pleasure exercise on executive function of 4-5 year old preschoolers.In order to promote the brain development and physical health of preschool children,explore more suitable for preschool children to provide effective theoretical basis for physical exercise.This topic research in the traditional experimental method as the main research method,select the student in Shanghai yang pu second art kindergarten children,in the case of a student to select a random 3 men3 women children did some preliminary experiments,formal experimental work after the start of a total of 40 subjects were selected from the class,and the 40 subjects were randomly divided into two group 20 people(boys and girls every 10 people),and a group of 20 people(boys and girls every10 people)on experimental group of children in 8 weeks happy gymnastics exercise intervention,control group for regular sports class as usual,the experimental group happy gymnastics training intervention will be carried out twice a week,Each session lasts 60 minutes.In this experiment,a pre-test of executive function was conducted before the beginning of training,and another test of executive function was conducted after the end of 8-week training.There were two tests in total.All application tools must be tested through a software system called e-Prime.SPSS25.0version was adopted for statistical analysis of all test data,and independent t-test was used for statistical analysis of data differences for all test data before the experiment.For the two measurement data of pre-test and post-test,the three-factor repeated measurement analysis method was used to analyze and compare the data results between the experimental group and the control group,and to analyze the influence of time factor,group factor,gender factor and their interaction on the executive function after the experiment,respectively.P<0.05 indicates statistical significance,and when P<0.001 is very significant.Experimental results:(1)In the experimental group,the accuracy and response time of the Flanker(inhibition control)task under both congruent and incongruent conditions were significantly higher than those before the experiment(P<0.001).After the experiment,the accuracy of Flanker(inhibition control)task in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group in terms of interaction factors in the time * group(P<0.001),and male students were more significant than female students in terms of time * gender interaction(P<0.001).In the experimental group,the time * group interaction reaction time was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).(2)In the experimental group,the accuracy of 1-back task after the experiment was significantly higher than that before the experiment(P<0.05).After the experiment,the accuracy of 1-back task in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant change in the response time of the1-back(cognitive flexibility)task.(3)The accuracy of DCCS(working memory)task in the experimental group was significantly higher than that before the experiment(P<0.001).After the experiment,the accuracy of DCCS(working memory)task in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant change in the response time of DCCS(working memory)task in both groups.Conclusion:(1)Happy gymnastics exercise has positive effects on the accuracy of inhibition and control function and reaction time of the executive function of 4-5 year old children.The improvement effect of male students was higher than that of female students.(2)Happy gymnastics exercise has a positive effect on the correct rate of cognitive flexibility function in the executive function of 4-5year old children,but has no positive effect on the reaction time.There was no significant difference between boys and girls.(3)Happy gymnastics has a positive effect on the accuracy of the executive function and the working memory function of the 4-5 year old children,but has no effect on the reaction time.There was no significant difference between boys and girls. |
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