A Study On The Relationship Among Parental Guiding Patterns,Academic Pressure And Learning Motivation Of Junior High School Students

For junior middle school students who are in the stage of adolescence,the family environment is of great importance.Hence,how parents guide them plays an important role in their development.Different guiding patterns have different impacts on their learning,and exert different extents of academic pressure on them,which will further affect students’ learning motivation.The purpose is to investigate the relationship among the guiding patterns,academic pressure and the learning motivation of junior high school students.This study was conducted in a public middle school in Chengde City,Hebei Province.Three classes were randomly and respectively selected from three grades of this school,and a total of 450 questionnaires were handed out for the survey.The questionnaire of parental guiding patterns,the scale of academic pressure sources and the scale of motivation of junior middle school students have been utilized by taking academic pressure as a mediating variable to study the relationship between the parental guiding patterns and the learning motivation.Besides,the interview of Study 2 was used to verify Study 1.The conclusion is as follows:(1)Parental guiding patterns are mainly illustrated by emotional warmth,understanding,interference and over-protection.In terms of gender,more boys than girls were brought up by the over-intervention and over-protection of fathers and mothers.In terms of grade,the students of grade three felt the least emotional warmth and understanding of their parents,but the most father’s excessive interference and mother’s interference and protection,refusal and denial.Students of grade two received the least mother’s preference.The only child in one family can feel more emotional warmth and understanding from the fathers.(2)The academic pressure of junior high school students is generally at a medium level,with high pressure of expectation and competition.In terms of gender,female students have more task pressure;In terms of grade,the task requirement stress level is the highest in grade three,while the overall academic stress,competitive pressure,frustration pressure and expectation pressure level are the lowest in grade two.(3)The learning motivation of junior high school students is above the average level,and internal motivation is higher than external motivation.The external motivation of the non-only child is higher than that of the only child.In grade three,the total score of learning motivation and external motivation were the lowest.(4)The guiding pattern of father could not directly predict the level of learning motivation of junior high school students,nor could it indirectly predict the learning motivation of junior high school students through academic pressure.(5)The maternal guiding style of warmth and understanding can directly predict the external motivation of junior high school students,and can also indirectly influence the external motivation of junior high school students through the mediating role of academic pressure;The mother’s over-intervention and over-protection guiding style can indirectly affect the external motivation through the mediating effect of academic pressure on junior middle school students.(6)Through the interview,the results of Study 1 were verified.The parental guidance focuses on caring,understanding,over-intervention and over-protection,it will cause the absence of father role.The academic pressure students face mainly includes task requirement,expectation and competition.The most important external motivation for students is to go to good schools.