Research On The Relationship Between Temperament,Family Environment And Preschool Children’s Screen Time

Modern information technology is changing at a high speed,accompanied by ever-changing electronic products.Electronic products not only affect social development,but also profoundly affect the life of every family.Studies have shown that the earliest exposure time for infants and young children in China is 1 month old,3 months old infants and young children have been exposed to television reached 34.9%,and 24 months old as high as 89.3%.It can be seen that the use of electronic products by infants and young children has become a common phenomenon.The 2019 China Children ’s Development Report shows that the average daily screen time for children on school days is 43.24 minutes,and the longer on the weekends,the average daily screen time is 96.27 minutes.According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization in 2019,infants and children under 2 years of age should not touch any electronic screens.2 to 5 years old children should not sit for more than 1 hour per day of sedentary video screens,and less is better.In such an information society,young children’s video exposure is very common and shows a trend of younger age.Electronic products,while enriching the lives of young children,will also affect the physical and mental health of young children.Excessive video screen time will affect the time for children to exercise,socialize,sleep,and affect the physical and mental health of preschool children.At present,relevant scholars at home and abroad mostly focus on primary and secondary school students,and the researcher’s perspective is mostly based on the status quo survey,such as frequency,time of use,etc.,less attention is paid to children’s visual time,and the influencing factors are also more from Family factors are analyzed,and the relationship between temperament and video time is even less.This study took 640 children in small,middle and large classes in two kindergartens in a district of Shenzhen as the research object.Through the literature method,questionnaire survey method and interview method,the relationship between temperament,family environmental factors and children’s video screen time was explored to help parents Actively guide children to use electronic products rationally,help children to establish good behavior habits,and promote their healthy development to provide a scientific basis.Research result:1.The surveyed children use mobile phones for an average of(0.45 ± 0.51)hours,TV time(0.72 ± 0.63)hours,computer time(0.11 ± 0.34)hours,tablet time(0.24 ± 0.42)hours.The total screen time per day is(1.52 ± 1.19)hours,which is significantly higher than the 1-hour standard recommended by the World Health Organization.2.Children’s age,outdoor activity time,father’s education level,father’s occupation,main caregivers,parents think that electronic products have different effects on children,whether parents choose the content of electronic products for children,and whether they restrict the video screen time and the video screen time of children The difference is statistically significant.3.Pearson correlation analysis shows that the screen time is correlated with some dimensions of children’s temperament,and the time of using mobile phones is negatively correlated with temperament avoidance,adaptability,and attention dispersion(r =-0.091,-0.130,-0.081,p <0.05);using TV time is positively correlated with activity level(r = 0.101,p <0.05);using computer time is negatively correlated with the nature of emotions(r =-0.096,p <0.05);using tablet time and the nature of emotions It was negatively correlated(r =-0.082,p <0.05).4.Multiple logistic regression analysis shows that the father ’s education level has a negative predictive effect on the child ’s screen time(β =-0.28,p <0.05),and the child ’s primary caregiver(β = 0.69,p <0.05),will it be restricted? The time of using electronic products(β = 1.72,p <0.01)has a positive predictive effect on the children ’s viewing time.According to the research results,parents should pay attention to the current situation of excessive exposure of young children’s video screens,use electronic products scientifically and rationally,and create a healthy and suitable media environment for preschool children.